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Am .  A Bwn TA JA~A jB]  q A  AF AkM  BvA A A
BMB  BMAm oB   BoiA BMAY  ^B ƪ k A k  A e STE
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. qA  A o   BAw B K\TA
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B Te jBA BM o~d  A A A BB 婴햮  d~ B A BvA
m  A en A oB A  AA B A M  E j A u jBA A BM
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  ^E ɫ TɯE mA A kLA A T w ɯBXA kLA A TA q\A A
ɗ }ɚA SɫqTwA A  A kLA A ȯBXA kLA  q\A Am BTE 
Un A kk]  j MB A A  Bi  Aq]E ȗ }U     ɯBXA kLA
Aq]A  Bi kTM   Aq]A  Bi  k B ȯBXA kLA 轱TM ϧl   A
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. BA keA
A BA ȗ ]o B  JBvdA   oiA B ȗ q\A Am D cUA ϧmM 
.  ~E mA A
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  T Bv d mA  ɫƪA u   JAmA dT mA  oɗBA ϧl
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. ! keA o RAw oz  BXTwA M  BBTMM oUA MB   joA A ̽ B  ZqA E  zA jB  RB] BzA *
Am   zBM UkBv  oiA jo A Ǳ keA jo   A k  . joA
A LA Bw  BzM BA  Bv JAXA K] A JBA j  SɄA
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.  Ajd BB Mn XL A v 
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. BjnA  BUB~i  BzA ovU ȗ ~TA We  ATiA A A
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MA dTv   BA j A zU BA A qTA SLl BM  Bi
.
BUn kkdU ȗ hA 雰 k  BzA  LvBM BA   z LvBM m
BM JBA w TA RnBTiA   JAXA jBp ȮU BA A kA SLm
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. Aw ke  JBA j  JAXABT]   n  ȗ ]lBvA Uo  ^BA  LA A A ovA ]o *
LA oU  RBA LM miE k BzA M LUo B oA CoA |~
BzA RBC  BA ]  oT oA CoA A   BA   U M oiA
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Ȗ B B    BTLXU oiBM k BA A . ^BUBM ^B BzA Ȗ B BA  B
j BzA Ȗ B B nB BzA Ȗ B B   Bz BA e
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. aA UnA
BA   keA    keA   Sv BzA A A }h kU B \ 
. BU A BzA Bol  UF oz hU ȷ AoA A mB cT kM k{n A LmA j JBLA cT BzA  kA A *
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. b~A  bA B kTv B nkM BTA BAn  kTv  TA   MA
JBA nj  JAXA  ^AoAp ^LTvɫ ɫA AmM ɫo\A kz w ϧmM 
kM cTw B MB j  u c~A  A lA  jM ^Ak  ozM Boz
. RBd
TA RBBwA M B{  Sv BA A BwA A B k A  BzA 
ȗ j~A A M  JA~A jB] A k{oU  峧 zA bA B kTv 
Am  BzA Bw  veA d BA ȗ BA KoU  BzA JBM
. A UBe ȗ tBA M nBTA RBBwA   L]A: Ȧ B B\ o{  A dTU  BzA A  kBTA B kU *
:  BzBM A lF A - E
.  lBM A k z mA Al  
 馄A  A dBM kz    BA  tBA  dBM 鼖zA kz A - J
B氿A  BL A  c~  BA Am BdAA   UB~i  tBA Be
:  nAowA  tBA { o  A  mA
.     dBM k{  A BzA j  k mA Ϧ   
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. " ^Bü{ BM oz   RB  A BzA B TB{ " : (|) B
: o{ ] Rjn B - j
. () SLA  Ak ^BLB   A -  A
. yA k - BBY
. LA BzM KmTA k - BXBY
] ik BhM   kA M nAoA   vA BA   ~BM BUA - BMAn
.^AoB
BU  BTB{ A )  :() jB~A BA B  ~BM BhTwA k - BvBi
. ( ~BM ^BhTvAodA  ɓ ȗ B~A jBU A  B BBM BzA  jBA  *
Ʒ RB   MnB  MBe A  AlB AoA  BzA ȷ \TA SAjB
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. b  jBv  bA  jn w ϧmMBA  n~U BhU TA n~BM  BzA kM BA A A  Ʒ Kl *
. keA K~ ȗ ozA  K~U BA M keTA k  BTU  BM
: oA CoA ȗ ȴ  jn  A k BzA BA  tBA K A Ʒ o 
.  AkeE A  AkU   k]BvA A 
^AkeA A  j k ( A k B {A A k ^B] B kd B ) : ^X  
TA BzA K o Ʒ  BzA K   aBM o{A k ϧmM    o
k oiܧ z LA A  . p A A MoT BA  ozA BL B
.  KM     aA
nBM A A We B BzA B  Th B BzA B A Ʒ RB 
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BzA KɄ oiA  aod AlB L o E LA B{ SB AlA  BA
! aA k 
^Bo{ nBLTA   B oA B ȗ M BTwA  oiA  BzA K d B
.^Ao 
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: M aA
.  B oTwA BBMA B 
: A ȗ B () MA] B
.  eoA nA  A Mn  oTwA w 
B c~ JAY K] A JB j ȗ Tv BzA BM kT BzA KB B  
.AB
M { oA  Bz u BM BzA KB kT We cd~A  uA A A
. a  oA A
: A  oA j  ȴA  nBLA A jAo B Am  
.  keA aA  kU  
. Tq  B ȗ a Ͻo{ kA A jBTA  j  BA
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BTwA B{A M ozA A A~ B  jLBM A TA ȮU TA  vTA
]  dB~A  BBM wTA BT]  TA  BdA BM A B U TA
mA BA B )  : M BA A j TA  RB]nkA n  JmA Ao ȗ wA
. ( wA A ATMA  aA AUA AC
BA Jn  kdASi Y  qBM  L A A  oLhA  FLA  RB]  LA : JA\A
. o o : B B  A ABM BBjA A qA
kTA ǱA  KwB  . BU A  nBLiA ȮU LB : BeA BA
. oLhA BA oA kLU  AkA U  BvA Be ȗ LA jU mA nkA A : JA\A
. BA 汧A ovT
 wE BBC BA LA cTU  jkd jB Be  C cB~M BvA o BL
A ]A  BT  ~hzA Td~  oiA cB~ kɗ  BɗA ϦU
nAkA A  . e Be BA ȗ ȷ TA  oiE Be ȗ oT oLE 閯 d~M
.  AdA ȴ oiA
cB~A  joA cB~A M BA nBTA AA  JmU kU ϧmM
h  [M BvA BAkA A  kM BTA B ovU  BT]A
. () BLA LU  ozA  BvA nk~ jBo TA A RBdA  E  qTv  BA BvBM B~UA A : JA\A
ȗ keA ]  keA B ȗ BLA jAvA E  j]A kA BT]B A
 A jB\A A u BLA M  BU U  UAmA BdA q Te keA Bp
 ȴ LA  Ȧ nmd   . jkdA  qTv  A jB\A  i
. BUAl
nj  񪽰   BM UA AlA LA  cd oɓ A Am : JA\A
UA A  ϧl  A kB E ȦA dA kFU kFT U mîe LA k
Am  BTMBw  kB U  m AkA jB{nA ȷ mîe kBB A nk  BM
kA  BBT{ ve XLA ) jBTA ko\U ȗ wA kA o~ dA B
(419) . ( k  B dA jBTwA  k B A kB
ȷ TA A k ɃA RBLzA  zA o oiA kA A BB Am
AoX lA A M e B A o  Tv o{BL n~M A d RB
.  A tBA k{o ozB B  A BeA o~U B
BvA  ZohA L qTv Te A  B A (  o )  u A Y
oT TA nA ϦU G BvA jB{nA ȷ LA kB   A AnjA k B M
. BAnjA G 
. BLA XM kA ȗ dU UFw B A BBj]A Be o A T A udA o w j] o RBLYA  : JA\A
. eA ȷ Bd cd~A oA wnB c~  A w  nk JBhTA  JBhTA nBTiA d  : JA\A
. L  A LA K] eA q SLY  EoA AkMA BhA eA B no  Bq BLA XM noɃ RLY ȗ WdLA : JA\A
. odTA KTAo~T B AkBM A A LUoU A BjB BB BvA   : JA\A
BM A  oA nB~A LA BA  ]oi ȂT TLM Am BL]M
. nBTiA  oiA nBL  Tk dT o~TA ȗ odA  B ȅozU BhM Mn BdU BvA Be ȗ BMn oB LA A nBLTBM : JA\A
B MoU wnB ȴ  Aq\A kA eBw A BTA BA RA kM B jAkTBM
hA pB\T B\A cB~ dTU wnBA m i   oiA A KA 
. BTA ϧmM d A i  joA cB~ G o~ABwoA {  Aj LB B   j  A M o ϧB : JA\A
woA  A LB ]nBhA j]A Ak~A We  BA  oiC {  Aj
.  B\M }Th  BwoA B BE  LA B 񦪽 BLA A MA jA  RoL BLA ϧB  BLA M RBTA j] ȗ {  : JA\A
BTwA RBLXA  B Tv   郱  oXA ȗ CoA ol qA FM
. Ao{ KT JBdA AB  A  Aj CoA RBC   Bi M }Th  BLA n A : JA\A
36 A ȗ    om B i A E  A   oB nw  24 A ȗ B L
.  RBA ALT]A  A AkLA A wn E  ȗ BXM k   dA nw 
AmM o~d A ϧl  u    BLA  \ ol CoA A cd
B  nmA Ʒ o wn j]M bo~ CoA A |~hA     jkA
.  ϼ ~~  wn   : BvA nw  164 A ȗ
oL\TA BvA   ȴ BLA  jBTwA  q]Ae  A B SB AlA 
. AA ϦU Ao] A BBi TA JodA  BLA RBdU B  v
d  RAnBA L BLA j { oA  JA] ȓLA jA] kd gz 
(420) . nk~A A ]Ao A nBA AA nBTiA o{ B ȴA [A  BTA JBLwA oU A : JA\A
vd ozLA  A B u BU A L  JBLwA m oU   v BvA
tBA Ak BU A jAnE   BTe cd~A oA nBTh w  B jBTwA
 幽AkA  nL\ AdL   nBTiA  ϧl BT TvA o A B]
BU A BTwBM CoA ȗ oX RBC Seo B MA  MXA B ϧmM Ti
 35 RBA ȗ B  kMA A  AodA  ȴTU ϧmM  B] tBA Ak 
 118 A  u nw ɫ 99 A  BA nw ɫ 137  112  107
 AozA  4 A   nzA  8 A  dA  93  9 TA  j nw
. oLA  253 A
. Bv woA nBTiA oAj Ȓ   BvA BT ozLA BA k ϧl A ABdA ȗ  cd~A B\UA kkdU A tBA jB{nA ȷ voA BLA  A : JA\A
A  AB E  B]TBM  o    BnA  oA A  AB Aw
ȗ U BLA  A AA ȗ   B]TBM o   nBdA  kA
RBMBBM LUoU nA m   Bk  kBM ϧm Mn   Bv ǱA BTA
TiBM oiC A Bp  ThU TA  B~A  LA RBBA  RAjAkTwA 
U A JBLw Bi B m  B jBTwA o  oA  A
ǱA BTA ȗ B oYA   Bv kMA o~A ȗ B oYFU E B u  
 kA  jBTwA BvA vd  AlG B  Bv BoYFU  k  eoA 
A 汧A  A e B   cd~A oA ȗ G  mA ȪA kTA
B u \TA SB BA  c    BdA ɗ A  kA ɗ A
. A k\
k\U   voA T  B]nBi B A   oXA B\A Am ȗ Ak BLA E Y
. oA l  Bw  jAj Be ȗ RBkhA m ZlB
 BLA A ȷ   AvA  BMA] U A c~U  BMBw BBol  B 
BvA nBTiA Bı  T TA LwBA A]A  oA oU  AkA ]
o Bk BT BMBw B BkA A m  jBvA  d mA o AA
jƽ oiA   kMA jBvA A jƽ BkeA Bv Th o oT  oiE
. nBTi BTA odA d kMA BzA A
k{oA Am X dT  ϧl ɗ jBA oɓ A  AkT E BLA jAnE ɗ
  A  UAnk  SdU BLA tBA LT M ozL odA BTA  ǱA
. odA nBTiA tBwA   ȴA AkM
: B\A Am ȗ ( vA  ) Ȧ BA  
BA jB   BLmA p  cT A  XM We  BL BdLw A jAnA  )
    햧 nA xe   BvA n  ozd A   B\A tnB  
  BU  q   AoU   E BLA SB   ... Aq\A M   LA v
ȗ hA  E ϧl B  BeoA k A kzU   B]oA BA d kU Ϧ
    B Ln E   oB Ln  A°  nBLTwA ȗ  kME   nBLTA
 ] zhA  LTM k~TA   wo BLUA  E jAnA BdLw A 
B   LB{ Bo  BMzU   Bi  AnA TB vTwA   o BTwA
(421) . ( q]E Aq\A  MXA SB  A nBLTiA  LA SB BLA XM q  BvA KAmA  BjA A  ST]A k : JA\A
. AoA woA
 A A Kl   XLA q oE mA  o{A KmB lA{  m{ k A A 
. Aom  AozL  BjB tB A WL  E 񪪧ABLA  A wn  qA eA  kU B A 汦 keA LvA E : JA\A
nA E M  RBe vA  woA  BLA  eA A nBLTBM  AoA
. UBh  A 輗 Bw   BvA M   tBA  }hA  ~~h A FzA Am  BA Am   : JA\A
AB  eA ȚU B A k~T TE vA  ]nj  BM BMmA  LUo
. ]A tB jB{n  k WL ϧmMTA BA KUAo Ȅ BvA i  kA E nBLTA oM BmiA B AlA : JA\A
. nBTiA BvA αw  ov oL A  dA  TA k BUkE
ȗ o  d~ B UBnk  BvA  jkd nBLTA oM BmiA B AlA  
 A A e STA TA   B A Lo\TA BXTwBM jkTA BdA jB
 oTA  LA nAowE oLw  AnjB  jp A kM v BvA A BF{
 BU\  oTA A BBTz \ Te BqA noM  \nkU zM  B
B\ ȗ Lo\TA dA BXTwA   B AkMA  BA jAkzA  B BTA ȧBTBM
 MoTA  BT]A oiA RB\A ȗ BvA oU   ]nk BU
e  RAoXA  RBBiA  RA\BM Bü Bk] gA ... dA  jB~TA
zA ȟAoT{A BB  p Ld   tBA  AoL BB d BB X
A]    BTB Rk] ozLA BM v 鮚 A M k S ]nkM  
. oiA M  M miA iAkA  DU B kM kAA  k  BA AmM
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BA 隮Tvɫ ɫ tBA BzTA ɗ o mA   kA z ɫBdA woA
. LA A  oA  kU Aw  BTMB]A ȗ BkTA mA kA RAl  A j A : JA\A
: A B 
 BoɄ }hzU  q\   BA  b~A  jBv AkTv kLA Aj B A
 o{BL eA o  BA BkU  o    BoU  A nk 髰  BLw
B   AlB  BLA k o  E  eA ȚU LA B A kLA B AlA
A  BLA  e o  kM miA  Uov k{oTM jBL  A T  kU
 o  k A j  BA A tBA A k A    ? LvA Aw
k  L  A Am    ! ? ~dU   ȗ  BU U  M ]
 A BU  BdL  B{ ϧl ȗ oU A ! ?  k A j  TM A oiA
. AoL AXM  BA A LU We kUB i  AvA Am  JA\A cT : JA\A
:ȷ BLA
.  A kA mA BA A o { joM T  BvA E 
K~ k~T vA  jC o oiC }h{ hA kM ȗ   A We  
  vA  jDM LA K~ɫ o~dɯA  o  v BɽjB   LA
B dU ȗ TB  A  Ajn
. A LA K~ gwoU eA Uj ȗ BLA BdU k~ TA AkA poMA  G : JA\A
. tBA t  BlE ȗ keTA k
. (422)  RBA ALT]A  A AkLA A wn E  ȗ BXM k  

 閮A nk BM      e T\U nd keTA k A nBLTBM
. oi  B  \ A A     oiA  BkA nAkA ȗ BvA
. (423)  B ϧB    ϧBM ϦwA ȯA A 

: Ȧ B BM ol \  TB  BTA SLTwA oiE BAkE BL G A
{    BA  jBvA  vA  kA dT BM TA eA BwoA AjA  1
A jBA ȗ Be B    [   jBM A dT  Am Bk A
. BvA  XLA \M   BL
BqA  vBM tBA  AqA  JBTA  BqA  RBLBM Bwn BwnA k  
qq Ǳ A A KBM wn  o~  A   tB B  kk{ tFM  kkdA
. (424) 

 Be B   A A E   ȴ dB~A jBA A cT ϧmM 
 eo d B   o~T  A jke  A BU B  nݧ BeA
. BLA qBn  A kU
(  ) BLA Bq\ TA RdTA B\ ɗ A hA A : TA  qTA  2
B B  oA Bv toU   A nmM nmLU tA k  lG  tA qU
Be  BhLw k~A B  B uA   oXA 鮽E  nqA B BL~i k~A
CoA ȗ  TA  qTA ol kU  ovA  ϧmM  . kBɗ   An
. oA
. (425)   dA  JBTA   q  

A BeA  nBA  kTA oA A ȗ Bol jnAA dA  j~A 
ȗ c~A A dA  j~A u   ozLA jBw ȗ nj  tBv B TA
 qA  B B Boz  BMBTwA  BE BLA  A  kM  vA
. A  AlA  F ȗ   odTA
 wn A WM oTA BLA k tBA L ]A  : vdA kA  3
 ozLA 郰 M RBTA nmM LA nmT  Te B XL    vE jA
B    BA tBA BLA L TA oTA j  BTA  BA  o Ƀ
 ǱMoTA  țiA vA  B ]nj   ozLA jAoA keA  LA A nBTiA
. AkT XA ZlA nB~
(426)  ve wE A wn ȗ  B k 
B ozLA L] TA A  BvA Be Z BLA Bjƽ  ȷ  : omTA  4
 miA   oA BA ȗ   B   U BM Bj BvA Mn ]E  
   KA ȗ B\  uA ȗ BoX om j]  kM  jB{oA  kA AA
. A m  nkA Am Aj BLA  A keA
. (427)  ovM  Sv om SA BG 

: (  ) Ȧ B
.  LTBM  A\Td  T v om  Uo BX jFTv FM Bo   oiC A }h{  ThU pB  RB]nj T BM Bo AlA : JA\A
 BAj  BqAe BMl M BA  AkA  BLeB 鮪U v  ~A
  BM A M  tBA  o A LvBM  A ~A BM BE Bo
. AU  nM BXAM  ~A qAe ApA  z A kM  vB BTA  T~ M  BA nBYDM BvA  M Y BLUnA A  : JA\A
oT mA A noA   BUni  BTAln  z ~A dM A A lA 
. dvA BTB  BAo ȗ v dA   BoT
  Kn E { BoT  TA A   A  A Am A A nB{A nk\U 
M UB  B   A k  nBw  A  TA A k Be 
. nBA  \A A 
: M (  ) ƪA oA  k 
Bɗ   BCn k  nBA     Bɗ    BCn kɛ  \A   
. (428)  Mm

JB~ }h{  vTA k B Jo{  k{n B KLɄ k A   B
 A  A A k A   ϧm  񦴪A AoA  oɓ E Am\BM
 BA v\U ȗ BA  B~A nBYC       ] A ~
. JBvdA
M  BM A  jU w  S B  Aod oi  S B u  k\U  
. (429)  jBLBM n A  v A nmd  AkM AkE kdA ȗ  nj B  ]  B]  T k  A o A : JA\A
\U  zA bn nBA k []U m o  RBüvA bAoT]A  uA A
. A  BTA  oAA BXTA ȗ MLd  z jAn BB~
. T  wk od ȗ   Mn kLA ~ 
: vA  vdA B
.  BLn B AoU   S 
RAq  RA{  A o An VBA ȗ    BodA A B~A An   
. B DA Lvd M JAow An Bw A RBo  RAm 
RjAp Bɪ jAjqU  BU  TB  B~A   kLA z ]nj A h  
Aln   JɯmA ɫ B~ BLeB  ]nj LU E A 廦 ]  To
  B氿A  BLA  A BMo  BM o nA A jB~ oMA    iA
.      kM  L A o  A Bü{ o
: vA  Ȧ M vdA B
. (430)  ϧ u B nA  oA Bk U dB nE  oT E kM A KABM BvA d : JA\A
nBTiA SdU 隽 B M nA m TU B Bn  Bi BM nBLA z 
B  nBTiA  UjAnG  ZnBi  B M   BTqU  uA MoT  UjAnG  BvA
. jAk]A  BMC  BvA ~h{ A JovTU TA YAnA RB~A ȗ
Am LTv BdLw nBLA  \T BvA  ~A BG qU oiA n B 
. jBA  BA A Bk nBTiA B ~A  BA  M {  A  BvA TT B RBüvA oT  JmA KUo A wM ~A BvA A : JA\A
TT B  Jm üvA nBYBM BzA Beߧ E G nBTiA  odA  ]nj E
BC  eBTA  BhA  Ak]A eoA TzB  TA  B ]nj 
   üvA AoTBM oTA  U AA m  eoA vA  BA
. BMBUnA: B  M omM ȖT  oX A jA : JA\A
A ]o B  ve wA A wn ȗ  B k  : BU  BdLw   1
. oiA A 
 o wFTA  AkTA L   wA  k woA lBhUA A BdLw j We
LA m oTU v E   tBA E ȗ njq z B  LA  nk~ E
. AkTA   ]oA nBXA UU    nBA  qqTA A
. ( BBM ) RBüv oTA  JmBM VA BvA  oA CoA oL  2
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ϼG BqA   BU B  oA CoA LU  LTM BU ozA L   ( |
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cozTA  KA ɗ ȯBvA B~A ȖvA  vT BɯAkɫ CoA ɗ o
E ( ɷ 505 : R ) ȧAqA  . v\A Bi üA \A  ϦA eAo\A
 TiA nBA   {E B  A ) om B\A Am ȗ A TwA 
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