: LA ȗ WdLA [
j] o RBLYA BAn  ȒTL BA  Ajk oX VBdMA  \ A oTw
 B{A Be }hzU E Bd cd~A oA o A Bi  T w
 BA A pAA BjvU  ABvA kA Bd A Be dU ]A
. ozLA RAqA RBL ȗ  oXU j   BA cB~A tBwE
U   BA B nkU E BwBveBM ozTv B u]  Sv wA m
B   A Bo A \U Bi Rƫ ϦT  ozLA M M }Th ȴA
. eBM  oL
 oL B  BA ]BdA k BUBe ȗ A oB LA  BLM ϧm kw
q  RBLYA A T BoLBM XLA no BTLYA AlB  Bq BLA XM noM
A LA oiA  K\ mîe eA q RLY k  Bwo LU eA
k B JBhTA   LA ȗ jkv JBhTA nBTiA zBA JBM  L]M
J] B eA q RBLYB  EoA AkMA BhA B c~  A w  nk
B{ E  B] E  joM }Th  LA Am  L  A LA
. BwoA { k ȗ A oTw B Am ozLA 
 L B K] q BTLYA mA eA A ȷ B Fv ȗ T ϧl kM 
B oLA FvA ȷ  odTA zTA kE M SLU E A k  B] Be
. BMA A BwoA ȚU ȗ BLA ~ J]M
M M }TiA ȴA U    A k  Be A  q BTLYA mA eA Am
k~TM  Te  RBAA mM   Tɗo ozLA B   ozLA
M SLX o j] ȗ A 隼w B Am To  KUoT zBM k~TA
. q\BM  oLA BLA L oiܧ
BLA jkU no Bv ȗ WdLA eo A ~ LA eA Bv AoTwA kM
. BvA KTA oiC BLA oiC kkdU  BTe k LT ȗ WdLA
: bA A ȗ LA
 L A A (1) BU A  oLhA : LA   oLhA  FLA  LA
. o o : B B  A ABM BBjA AA qA KM Si Y  qBM
:  B  BE A jAA ]o o~TA   Bo~TM ϧl  A kTwA
. BA  q AA RjB  w L v
A  Ro~  BU A  BLA nBLiBM Rk BA A Bo{ LA RmiE 
(2) . LBM vA   BBvA LA E oLhA 
cLE B]A     (3) AoMA 蚮BM AmiE oX nBTM TA o
. JA ~e ȗ B  BdA BeA  LA oU
........
njB~A
------------
. 591 / 2 oA bBL~A  143 / 1 FL jB : dA tBA  ( 1 )
. 263 : Ȧ A  i ( 2 )
. 122 : AoA kA  34 : oz jBdA JBLA bo{  ( 3 )
: BvA Be ȗ BMn oB LA
ϧl B  BL]M o~T B AkBM A LUoU BjB BB BvA B B
o~TA ȗ Aoe  BvA k  A M o~TA ȗ Aoe BvA  A oT
d~ LTU B  T dU BA Az n~M dT  nkM kA Am 
BnkM RB]BdA m  A oA üLA BjkdU RB]Be  UAl BvA
.  BAkA ȮLTM BdA nBYA o  BvA odU
 jBA joA  BLB 閮BM jU TA d~ BvA AnjBM LUoU nBYA m
B\A  閮BM jU TA d~ BvA AnjBM LUoU   o~A hA k
.BTd~A ϦU nBTU B AoX  A hA k 
閮A RAl d~A ]A  odT  KBA ȗ BvA A  ϧl i   e
i A e oiC KB]   KB]  Am  |Bi 閯   dU B nkM A BA
nAoTw no o{ B\A cB~  BvA odU B A oA
TA ~hzA cB~A dU  \v B Am  . A hA  BeB\ BdA
. Td~A M jB~U nBU ϧB ~d BvA BG v
TA A oA i  BTA Am e Bı  T   kM B
. B\A cB~  BvA odU A kU
 T TA m dA  ȷ BvA Be ȗ BMn oB BM LA SB
Bd o~A hA pB\TU TA oLA cB~A  B\A cB~ dU Bi
. A i  jo cB~ A BvA
oE e  ~dA Fv A  RA kM jAkTBM BvA nB{A i  ϧl T
B XTU oiA Be A BTA  kM M kA BdBM Ao~d u cB~A 
: BA jBvA
.  AdA ȴ oiA nAkA A 
B A BTBM XTA oA  keA C ȗ LTA oA LTvU m dA 
BMoA jBA M XTA oA m  MoTA wnBA  jBA ȷ oiC
(1) . LA ȷ oiA A KA  kTA
........
njB~A
------------
. 65 : nk~A oBM kd kv BwoA woA woA ( 1 )
: BwoA LA
A e  A oLhA KeB ȮU LA   BwoA Be ȮU woA  A
E MBM AnF B Aw  eA  q mA  LA   woA  E LA
. eA MBM nFA  woA BE   
\ ȗ woLA A  BLTA ovU ȗ wA gzB ovA M B Am
. (1)  BLA
  A A  oLiE mA  LA  JBT  qA mA  woA A M B
M B (2) . ozhqA A nB\ BzA ovU ȗ k\U A Am  JBT 
Kl MBw o{ ooT B]   E LA  kk] ozM B]  woA A : oiC
: BU  ovU ȗ ǰBLA ϧl A
(3) .  wn  ϦL  BwnA B 
 LA   n ȗ  E Bz   ϦA B  woA A : BA AB
(4) . oA Am oM eA T
wn  ϦA kBz  woA  BA ȗ A e  LA A : BA AB
(5) . AqA ȗ BLBLA A AkTMA nBTiA EoA  Am Mn
  () o] BME SFw : B nAnp  ȗBA ȗ ȮA An B A Am kƽ 
? LA B woA B  BL wn B  ]q A
v mA woA   ϦA ȯB   R~A v B ȗ o mA LA : B
(6) . ϦA ȯB  BA ȗ o R~A
BoA G ȗoA tBLA M vdA KT : B nAao M BwA  BE ȮA n
? BA  LA woA M oA B ȯoLiE Ak S] : ()
 q mA woA E : BA  LA  woA M oA : B E KT : B
() AoMG Bn X B ȗ En BMn eA  q   v  Ao AoL]
A v mA  BA  v   }hzA En BMn A w BMn LA 
(7) . }hzA o 
Bi BwoM woA  woA  tBA A BYL woA LA A : BA AB
. LA A  kAp
 BXBY BEn ϧB A AqA  o  (8) AqA KeB BBY nBTiA EoA Am
JA~ ]E  hU  TA Ŀj  JBLA Am ȗ oX AnA  (9) BLBLA
. B BM B ϧm
A We  woA LA M Bo ϧB A LU  mB Be  
]nBhA j]A We  LB  ]nBhA j]A Ak~A We   A j
 BwoA B BA  LA B 񦪽 AB B] BLA E M  woA  A
A B  BLA oBw B  wA B  BdA LM   B\M }Th
. ~U UFw B   (10) A ]nkA We  BvT A  woA
........
njB~A
------------
nw  25 C \A ovU oA  91 / 7 BLA \  331 / 7 BLTA ( 1 )
. 235 / 9 nBA [dA
. 282 / 2 BzA ( 2 )
. 127 / 17 ȓAoA ovU ( 3 )
. 333 / 4 ȯBdLv CoA B ( 4 )
. 430  429 / 14 : 222 / 13  280 / 1 AqA ( 5 )
. 1 b 176 / 1 Z  LA woA M oA JBM  \dA JBT : ȗBA ( 6 )
3 b : MBvA nk~A ( 7 )
. 216 / 3  145 / 2 AqA ( 8 )
. 345 / 16 AqA ( 9 )
. 55 : AowA  253 : oLA nw oA ( 10 )
: LUoA A ȗ woA RBU
 woB   B\M }Th  mA BwoA B  Th LA B A kU
We  M B UBT BA woA Ʒ  BLA oBw  BB wA BLA
BvA KTA T~i qA ȧFM Aw B] woA Ʒ   A ]nkA
RBLXA  Bw ]nj  M YAA jA  RBLXA k\A JBdE   omBM
: BU  We CoA ȗ ol B] B 
BBX  BmiA v w AoMA b  Ϯ BX LA  BmiE lA 
(1) .  B
ƴ oiA q m  MBw Aoz no A  Ao{ KT JBdA AB
: M ϧl A CoA nB{A k woA
w AoMA M B B ϼA BeE mA Be M  B kA   o{ 
(2) .   AoTU  kA AA A v
. woA Ʒ }B~i ȗ cU kq UFw
........
njB~A
------------
. 7 : JAqeA ( 1 )
. 13 : nzA ( 2 )
: BLA XM no
 ȗ BA nBv  oTA   ozL oɄ Ƀ ȂTU A dB
oA Am  oiC jAoA wAM E o{BL  jBTwA ozLA 鼅Tv Te RB\A
. BLA   jBL  }h A ~~i mA eA 
  o A AkT   BLBM }Th o{BL n~M oA Am  jBTwA 
]A  A ]BTd B   AmiF  BLA wAM   oiA jBTwA
. A pA B BovU  BdA jBw BA  ~A BA A 汧A
: RBk VY cU A ZBTd BUBLY  LA Bv RBA  FvA Am 
: A kA
: BvA i  kA
d nBTiA Uov i  ϧl   țoA pB  BA KUAo  BvA i
A ]BdM ɗ ϧl ]A    jBA  k~A Th  ɗoA  vA 
A ~ AnBTh  A K\ BA eo A ~   nBTiBM BA wnB
 LA oB ȗ A nB{A SkU B   dA A jAnA TTiA mA kA
 nBTiA A]E ϧmM oTT B\UA  o oT  BdA nBv ] ϧm 
. B JBhTA
. j] k BdU AnBTh  A  kM ȦBTA ow ȗ BvB
: BXA kA
: oA RBqTv oU
[BT BA Bi  T JBLwA \ oU   kM AA nBTiA Am 
TwnB ovT LwB A]A o BLU BA wnB  nkA A ZBTd  dd
B  BA ϦU B\U od mA zA  A BA B  ThA B
  dLA BA  vdA BA e ɗBA o~LA  ɗoA ϧl  A
oe M   Bv o ϧl   dB~A o  dB~A o BA }hzTA
汪A oA  oT   A ~ A K\ mA kA  oT A   
. kA Am
 ozL noA RBqTvA  BwA oU A dA STA ϧl  BM 
. oA ϦU  ~dA ]A
A j   SvU  nAj A k ϯA  U FM nAj A B kU A ϧl BX
 T TA A RBA   M A jƪA oA   nAkA Ƀ  woU
. oA  oT A Bi
. A Am mM d AkLBM  B
: XBXA kA
: ozLA oA n~
  ThA RB\A ȗ A ZBTdU B oU ȗ BA Bnj B ozLA RBnk A
. dA jBvA o }hzU  q]B  oB RBnkA m
: dA nBLM 
   A oBM Sv oA ϦU  nBYA KUoU  Bd cd~A nBvA o A
 jBMA M BeA ȂTU oA ϦU   jBA ozLA RBAnjA dU mA oBM 
  RAj]A oBvM UB   o~  BvA j] EkL kkdU   BdA KA]
  nBA  BA Kv kkdU   B{  UjBw ȗ RBA  MAoA ϦU oYFU
 BA jkA Am BɈ kkdT ϧl   BojB  kwBA  cB~A RB]nj
. ozLA ƴ ThA BT]A  LA RiAkA e   ozLA
 jBA pAA  oBA BzTA    ke ovT o ϧl M BeB
jkd BeA  A {  ϧl BM Y  RiAkA ϦU  nBLTA oM miA
. eAqU  nBU j  B\A  joA cB~A U
 cɃA o{ƫ gnBTA oL A RdU  BA  dA RAoTA ov 
  ozLA A S B n  B{  B  cd țe B j] k
. hA   ozLA jBwA A jBA AA AkMA B\ ȗ Bw
k S ]nkM   p Ld  tBA  AoL BB d BB X eT
k\ B Bow   BA Am  ȗ BTB Rk] ozLA BM v 鮚 A M
. oiA M  M miE  iAkA  DU BkM kAA  k   BA Am
. BvA i  ȴA kA i  dT o j]  lA kM
: eBM }hTU \TA
: BjB \T A T VXA RBkA m eM 
 ȗ BA nBv  oTA ]A  ozL o 郰 ȂTU A dA A
mA eBM ϧl dT   jB ȴA tB  ȗ dA jBvA dT RB\A
. BLA o  B] ozL  o{BL n~M BL A 탰
: BL A BvA 
 jBTv RBkA ϦU  ~dTA \TA  YXA UBkM ol kTA BoLA
BvA E : B  jBTvA   BB ɗ omU k RBA B\ ɗ oX B{A
oTA T i    o~d eA  TA E   BL  A K\ A
A BoLA ɗ Bɛ B  hA  tBwA kA dT Bd cd~A oA 
kM keE   qT  eA   eBM o~d  nmA BUBAM  oA
. BL keA Am  A
: XLA no  jB~A BA
: ȧBTA AvA ( vA  ) jB~A BA ]n Fw
? woA  BLA SLYA E 
: ( vA  ) BA MB]F
. i B 鼪]    B BBT BB BBi B A BTLYA B B
 o{BL v  i kBz A q\  BBT Be B~A ϧl B B 
jBL  i A  oaL  i ȗ Aow  A SLY  ]Bd  ]Bd  o{BL
. B oU ȗ  BM M B  B  dB~  k  
   ] q  oaLA   i ȗ A dA  BA  oA SLX
 BM YL  dBM Mjƫ Be  i  U   ( vA  ) BLA
 AeA  { ȗ  KoTA  hA ȗ  TnBz   tB nBz o
. dBM A dA k  kƫ
 AoLA  ĿkA  BLA  woA M SUE B Bp  oj  ȗ ϧl SLY Y
(1) . TAk pA]  TB k  k    \e  A nA hU 
........
njB~A
------------
. 168 / 1 Ȯ ȗBA ( 1 )
: BLA XM RBB  kA
BA  BkA  BUno  BLA XM  dA n  SU MBvA WeBLA 
. A Am e BA  \ \w  B BiTA
: keTA A kA
B  AoA wo wBwA BA  M BA  BhA o  keTA A kA
RBA  ϧl ]  o jBL mL  BhA keU A j  A wn  wnA
. kA L wBwA o{  Uj
(1)  RBA ALT]A  A AkLA E wn A   BXM k  
........
njB~A
------------
. 36 : dA ( 1 )
: kwBA  cB~A A jB{nA
eA   K    RkTwA AlA A o A  B U  BA m 
 B  cB~A A k{o A  Ao{ {  BLA  qA ȴA
. kwBA
nBv  BvA odU E BF{  TA AqA BM oA B cU kM 
.    BBM ZB\dA  A ϧmM 酚 cd~A
Aw AlA ϧmM  \dA BA   kwBA  cB~A A jB{nA mîe XLA kB
. A dA Twn mA TvA oA o Bo
Aqq A B  woA kM \e A  tB  ç nm  ozL wn 
.  (1)  Be
........
njB~A
------------
. 165 : BvA ( 1 )
: qTA  qTA
ȗ qTA  S] M TA jo\M o~d  woA BwnA  kA A cAA  
A Aq BA jBL  A WL  ϧm   BL MoTA BA RBA jAk
B tBA A Y tBwA ]nkBM Mo BE  dB AjBL WM BA  tB Bp
. A 
ȗ z  Moz  F X tBA A  ozLA u]  woA Ʒ ] 
F LBM boA   A vvdT   nmA Fz  BvA ]qT  AwA
AB] TA qTA o A  ATLX  MoTA  B ]nj  A A X }h{
. MoTA A A A ~ A  BBM jBA BvA A   dTvBM Sv BM
q  UBC  AT vA  wn  WM lA ƪA  A  k 
(1) .  dA  JBTA 
........
njB~A
------------
. 164 : Ao C ( 1 )
: oA  dA U
MBA dA BBA BFM AqA ȗ BLBLA A BM B B dA  jAoA
 kLA ȗ A dA nBB BvA jBw  dM BBT{A We  A
 BvA jBvM BwBv ]  LA BA Be bozU TA nBA   jBA
(1) . kA RBozTA tBwA ȷ TA oA BdB
bA dA  jAoA u   tB BU BLA ɫ jAoA dA ȷ m
M  M ozA |~A ovU    VkdTv kk] bA   ȖvA
TA  A A nBA  ozA |~A M  ȯCoA }A ȗ dA jAoA
. woA  BLA kM B  
........
njB~A
------------
. 418 / 2 AqA ovU ( 1 )
: eA BwoA AjA
oA jƽ  MoTA BBM BA   BeA U  BvA KTA q jo\ 
. Bnm]  B   BT]A kwBA MB ȗ 籴A j  JA
 ȷ   jBvA  A MnBd   nA ȗ bA  kA BBM  BLB
 eA BwoA AjA Ao] KB~  BLA     UBdA BA A
. oL\TA cB~ eAqU TA
 v BM tBA  AqA   JBTA  BqA  RBLBM Bwn BwnA k  
Ǳ A A KBM wn  o~  A   tB B  kk{ tFM  kkdA BqA
(1)  qq

........
njB~A
------------
. 25 : kkdA ( 1 )
: omTA
 B  BMn    BAnjA ȯBvA   TA RBA  oXA ϧB
ȗ BA  jAoA BTA \T BA   oX JnB\U    Bq B]BTe  BG
MoT \T tBA  KU BMn E   oozA A ow   jBA nA
oɄ  tB BɴdɃU T RBA m X  A A E  odA
A]A   B AkA kFU  omU i  BBU BBv j Ad BLA
.   dd RBTM üvA RBTA  RBBA
omTA  omA  omA A B  omA E omA  BLA  AɄA ϧm 
. oA Co RB
. om A ~M BLA M omU B AoX CoA |~A 
jFTv ) :  BLA XM  dA  kAA oTv Bk (  ) Ȧ BA 
. ( LTBM  A\Td   T v om   Uo BX
: kA
kA j] BU  BvA k{n ȗ   MoTA ȗ BA BoYFU B TA AA  
 BM uA  VdM ȗ BvA Be ȗ kA j] A STLY k   A ȗ
mM AB n BM BA BvA kv\ mA  A BLA   zA L
u]  A  BLA BwnA  dA qTA WdM ȗ kU   B oi A
dTvBM Sv BvA L  BM AB] TA qTA  MoTA o A RBLY  ozLA
. BA BLA  kM MoTA eAo A A 汧A  BLU ozLA BBM 
. A A B A 汦  k woA  A\ A ozL  ϧl i  
. (1)  ve wE A wn ȗ  B k 
........
njB~A
------------
. 64 : RL ( 1 )
: ovA jB
 BT]A RB\A ȗ jBA ȧU  tBA M BLA j] kA RB  
 A kBA A cAA    ϧm pA oA oTU Be  BA  wBvA
|B kAoA jBA    T\A  A A A  BvA L  jakvA
B ZBTdU  bA  ]nj  A m   oeBTA  A odM ȗ T\A
. oLA  RBLYA A
: RBBA \T
mA BA MBA   BLA XM RBB  kA M  MBvA ~A ȗ BU
keA  BM   BT]A BvA  BL~ B kA  Bol B   
BBM BA   BM B nBTU A kM cB~A T LA UFT  T\A jAoA
. BM M  wBT BT ȫwA T\M B jBA  MoTA  TA
: BA  
  E v] BMBM MoU  mA joA Bv Te p ɽno LA A
. B T\ ȗ y  Bo  B  RBA
\T  RBBA B m   M A B A BvA Am  : B LA kB 
. nAkA ȗ jBvA  BvBM A BA A 汧A BA ȷ  RBBA
: eA B no
kA ǰBw B  jAp eA A  zTA  hA AA  eA B no LU
. jzA nBTiA BU A i  o Az ȟ jBL A
 tB MA A jAnA B qA E FhA E vA A o eA A o  
. Bd M A  Ao   M TY SqqT
\B UBwn oL BU  jBL A jAnA B  vTU  m \T E {   
  odTA  KTA E FhA  v o eA Bwn SAj B  AoA BA
. LvA Aw A tB jB{oA  kA A B 
B   B A  ȗ BvA i  A dA dU ]A  kM
B~A  dM A A ~M A dT    zU E i E  eA
.  e B LU  ȚTM A woA  BLA ~   A RBwn
: M ϧl FU A U k  
 k M  Ϧv B wn  UnA  A  AkeA L  o  KA B 
{  ~eA  k BM BeA  Mn RBwn AMA k A   Akn i 
. (1)  Ajk
 o  TA BvA ȗ XTU e voA ]BdA A   Aw L  
kkdU  BwoA Td U i     TA   B E BUBLY 汧A ȗ
 RB\A m X ȗ  SLX A  oɄ E  lA  Bw  BTd k
ǱvA E kA odTA  KTA  zTA  TB  eA Tdɫ d
? Bw
Bw E wA i  tBA A ~U A kM A RBwoA A  A kM : Z
kA ϧmM dT   tB nBTiA BT A A]A  oA oTU Te
. ozLA i  ȴA
TA wAA BiFM  k Td E   { M B A E e 骗
 Unk k Td E   jkdA o A nkA e    BnBTh
e     BvA  vA A oYFU  BzA KU  e B
. FhA  TBwn e ko  E LT A   A dA
dd  w n~M TBwn  ȂTU B A dA  nkA  B : lA
.  ȦA BoLBM eA B SLX B    jBL A
  eA ȚU B\ ȗ BLA  eA  E Ϧ B SLX  BE  ϧmM 
BwoA MG B\ ȗ  BvA  vA  E  kA BhA  T~ SLXU ϧm
. A
MA  eA ȚU ȗ w  Fi   B~ BLA E A oA CoA oz
wn  UnA  G AkeE L  o  KA B  : ]  q   tB
k BM BeE  Mn RBwn AME k E  Akn i   k M  Ϧv B
. (2)  Ajk {  ~eE 
M B  ( k M )  jAoA  ) : nmA A l ȗ BLBLA A  
. A wnA mA tBA M A wn
( BdLw A E ) eA nk~  woA M B  ( i  )  jAoA 
M L ȟ eA nk~  Tv A lA B~  d ȴA eA A : A kU 
 kB{ Am   BzA o~U  B~ tBA M nk~A  ȚTA   tBA
αw )  A BA E  kU B ϧl ( Mn RBwn AMA k A  ) ]
MA dT A  kA A E  A RAAk tBA L woA FM   ( koA
 A BA B  A o{A B ȗ B~ o woA B AlA   ZnBhA ȗ eA
. 129 :2 AqA ( dTU
Sv  ȴA e    B  A  woA ê  : ȯBXA AvA
RABA ikU E Td lA  BTeA Am X Ȗ    ? B{ RABA
? BBT TA A m   ȗ B{
: JA\A
m Rn   LvTA A eA M qU j] k RFz BG LzA m A
eA ȗ A We ϧm oA u e ȗ  A A gw  BM eA LzA
\T o{BL n~M woA K  U nBA  A G  BdA n  ne
Am X j]M   BêA  w  An    BG    BAn j] 
: nAnp B ) : WjBeA ȗ B] k  zA  kjoT B\ L  BA  nA
ϧl  A A L  UF B A wn h   : (  ) A kL M S
? BzA M q B
L  UF B  nBA  vA  qA wn AkL mhUA AlG A A : B : B
(3) . ( M Ao mA X  ] q A
B z : B ? wn BE woA S  :  S : B (  ) A kL MA 
(4) . BA
: A en kA gzA  
B   BzA L  u  A  A A q\A i   woA A
E ϧl i   B B  XM BUA keE 鼅Tv  q\ A BM CoA }h
( BLA k ) q\ oL (  ) w A B      A L  q CoA
(5) . A KB]  B o\zA  TA A ( E A B~A kLU ) 
........
njB~A
------------
. 27  26 C \A nw  ( 1 )
. 28  26 \A ( 2 )
. 162 : 18 nAA nBdM ( 3 )
. 59 : 11 nAA nBdM ( 4 )
.. 39  38 oLA BvA ( 5 )
: ~A o n EkL
EkL ȗ AvA 隼  ~A  WkdA BXke  Bk A KTA SBU - 1
 FhA  ~A BFM ~A Bo B AlA ? A BwA ȗ oA m n
~A  B   ~A EkLM bo  E oA CoA BM cT B~A
ɗ  dA omA RBC  kkA ɗ FT  ϧl \T  Coɛ nm] RAl
: BdLw
(1)  oƽ B 햽  oE B A ~  jAk{    B 
:   ~A ȗ cE  BvA k\
.  oE B A ~  
: B  q  lA ~BM L  BdLw A ~ 
. (2)  e e A  G A   B  
: B  q  
(3)  En B jAƖA Jm B 
:  
(4)   B  o~LA Ap B 
Roɟl BA A RBA  kU Bɗ ~A M bo~  A  CoA oT ϯA 
. RBLYA ȗ B   qA  FhA  ~A ȷ  BBM
. ~ eA A ( oM ME ) A hA TwA k   2
i k~A oM MA k uB\ ȯA  : B pBe M u E Le M keE ZoiA k
 B] ~A A tBA ȗ j  ~ om  ozM ( | ) LA B kM  A wn
Y   YA A kd : B  Kh B   Bü{ oLA k~ tBA T]B
: B
 BA B ( | ) L vM ȯUmiE ç   o B Am A Rjj  tBA BE
(5) . BvA  eA  q B G   BzA  B~ B A
jkvA ( | ) L ȷ ~A G   ~ oɓ ]n FM oM MA  nAoG Am
. eBM
ozTvA q B kzM Ȗ A hA  ~A  BTwA Am   3
d  TE BG eA ATLX  zA E ȗ ) : T ek   w kBn
(6) . ( Ak  E M woA ~ AoE  vA BhA MB ȗ Uj
omA RBC  kkA M S ȯCo   M  {  u ~A 
. Bü{ dA  o  ozTvA  BdTA Am   dA
B ȗ Aw zA X ukTA  qTBM TU B wA A ȗ k\U  ϯG 
.( vA ) BLA G E ( ] q) BhA A ]o
 AkA eA B]n Be Fv  kA KT  CoA  oT B poMA A  4
. ( nBiA ~A  Bk A ) : M BU  BdLw A  mA
 B  d E TAo u Bü{  k\U   oXA zA ~~  ol k 
BdLw A AoM uU Bi RAnwBM AB] k  ( odA ) \A  AnTA BE 
. BBY BLA AoM  
B  ϧl o A  (9) BqA oT  (8) o   (7) ohA Moz B BLB
. ol  A \h
M wA nk  oiFT k ȗ oXE M bo ~A kL FM B A  
RAoBA oX BvUA  ThA A oA n  oiA RBBXA  bBTA
keE  B oTA ϦU ȗ Ro ~A o A ϧl  u   oA ϦU M
. jB~A kd M o] BA A B]nE We wA d ȗ A
........
njB~A
------------
. 6 : odTA  ( 1 )
. 4  3 \A ( 2 )
. 11 \A ( 3 )
. 17 \A ( 4 )
. ( RoM ) njB nAj.  14 | / 1 Z / kvA / Le M keE  ( 5 )
. 328 | wkBn zA k  ( 6 )
. wBTA bBdA  TA ow  kA kA ]An ( 7 )
. ozA  wBTA bBdA   TA ow  kA kA ]An ( 8 )
. oz jBdA bBdA  ȯBXA ı  kA kA ]An ( 9 )
: ǱA A
ȗ A   p  鮫  BvG  k cd keA E : ~ : tnB MA B
kLA ~TA    隽 w  kL A ~ E : ~A ϧl   keA  ϧl
(1) .  M vT   鮪U AlA : BU BM
 鮪 E : ~ B텧A Am  鮪A  JoA ɟ ɗ ~A : nɫ MA Bɛ
(2) .  zBM BvTA : B~TA   ȫBdA BA : BA   \A
(3) . ȫBdA BA: BA   A  ~A : oYA MA B 
~A   \A  ɫ E : B텧A ~ : B  鮪A : ~A : pAoA Bɛ 
(4) . ... ~A  M E : BM ~TA   ... dA : BE
 e : Jo JBM  ~ oA  A ~ ) : oA bBL~A ȗ ȫA B
(5) . TA ~A wA   M STA : BM S~TA  B
........
njB~A
------------
. 331 | 4 Z / uBA ( 1 )
. 403 / 12 JoA Bv ( 2)
. 249 / 4 : BA  ( 3 )
. 437 : bBd~A nBTh  ( 4 )
: 8 kMqA / toA ZBU  66 : RBA AE / kA gzA : BA ]An  ( 5 )
151 : 4 [ dA tBA / jBMCpoA  399
: eA A
: A en kA gzA B
JmA  BM [\dA  B~TA  A  TA ȷ \\d BU A  ~A
. BU A j ȗ A
 T~A  B~TA   T~M vT A    BU A  U ~A 
\  vdA G ~ o    cLA  nkA  B ~A Sv
 T~  oYƽ  kL  kLM  AlG A BU A  mA zA ȷ M  G 
. (( nBiA  ~A  ϧl  ~A M  Be  Am  hA  u 
(1)
: jBTA SA ȗ B 
? ~A AkeB :  B ))
oU ~A   T WdM BM BU A 햽  ~A : JA\B
(2) . (( B Unk  BA
: nvA jAkA B
G   BA oU G Aj ϧl     WdM A ȗ A 햽  ȷ ))
(3) . (( ϧl  Unk   ~A 
: BA kB ȗ B]
..... BvA FhA   BoBL BoB BA JmA  qTA ȷ ~A ))
(( oA ȗB B Bq  A K\ M
........
njB~A
------------
.
. 128 / 5 kA gzA RB~   BA RAjBTA cd~U  ( 1 )
. 37 / 10 kA gzA RB~   jBTA SA  ( 2 )
. 310 : k{oTvA [ G LBA jB{nA  ( 3 )
: ~A RB\
: BvE YY A BvU  ~A RB\ A
. A ~M LUo : BkeE
. BLA ~M LUo : BBY
ɄB  o   (  ) ~A ĿA BXE  jAoA M ~M LUo : BXBY
. ( B A w ) AoqA
A ~ B\
: TFv ȗ WdLA 
. B~A  eA ȚTM T  B eA  ~  1
MBT poBM A BXA  eBM    mA A oBw ~  2
. Bo bAnA L E BA
BUBLYA 񪼗 MA  eA ȚU B\ o ȗ A ~M TA BvA 
 A ~ WdM B Bo u  A jA G BɃBM ȦA BoLBM
 ϧl  AkA RBnBLA RBA M G o{Fw  LA   Zoi
: BU
(1)   oFM  BM Lv  o jBL M 
: BU 
(2)  oƽB 햽  oE B A ~  
........
njB~A
------------
. 27 : BLA  ( 1 )
. 6 : odTA  ( 2 )
: BE TFv ȗ 隽 WdLA BLA ~ B\
. AkU ~A  KmA  BLA ~  1
. BvA  vA  T~  2
( BLA o ) jAoA M ~ B\
. BA WdM KwBU FvA m 
: oB{A
: AA KeB B
k  q\A Sj B JmA kU  T~  AozA  A A ]A
 vA Lw   nk pA] ȗ   A  L B  BwoA k 
p]   k  q\A k ĿA  oX  lBTwA   i BvA
(1) . q\BM j~A k~TA ȗ ij k A  Ao~ ȃBA
........
njB~A
------------
. 358 | AA  ( 1 )
: qTA
: nBL\A kL ȃBA B
E  p\ BG  廧BU A  jƽ B A  vA ( LA )  p\  BG
o  B  Bü{  oB  Te  q B jE  L  M k ɗ ɗ v
E ɗ BdA keE  LTz  ϧm   A  vA ɗ 隽 E T  d~
A kA l oLi ȗ  雰 B ϧm   w  BXA ɗ BA   雰 mA
(2) . ( ϧl o
........
njB~A
------------
. 281 | 1 Z / nBL\A kL ȃB / ȮA  ( 1 )
: BA
: A en kA B
(1) . BvA  FhA  vA  ~ BLA
........
njB~A
------------
. 67 | / kA / RBA AE  ( 1 )
: qTA
kM BE  eA  q A L E  LA L oB~A  oBLA BLA  p\U
(1) . oBLA j oB~A  p\T eA
........
njB~A
------------
. 575  573 | / nBL\A kL ȃB vhA A bo{  ( 1 )
: oB{A
  JmA kU   oA  p\  BkM BE  LA L oB~A  oBLA p\U
(1) . Ak  Aw oBLA   Aw  Ak oB~A  p\U
........
njB~A
------------
. 359 | AA / 464 | / \{ / ko\TA bo{  ( 1 )
: BA
B  nk~    BkM  LA L Bo  BoL JmA  ~ BLA
BA    RBA o  BMA Bj  q E   Aw  Ak  z
eBLA BA  oX   M  Am\A  |oLB oA AoA    A 
(1) . Bd  oA ȗ B oTA  T BA
: oBLA
 jk\A ozTA ko B M ko  T  vA B |Bi bA
. ovA  TB RBB\A 
. LoM L]A A oB c\BM L{B : oB~A BE
汧A ]   B B B oL A ~ oBL B JmA A : M B 
. BqA A LvBM o   oA A tBBM oL LB  BLv o~A  oLBM
. ϧm u B oB~A  nBA ij BdLw A  kU B oBLA :  
........
njB~A
------------
. 359 / AA / 217 jAoA z  ( 1 )
: BA KAM 텚A A  \T ~A
BMBUnA  k~ B BpA BvA ȗ h  ohA BA KAM 텚A A G
Bv  TU E BF{  B BMoA wA ȗ E  BkeE   X 
. B JAoTA  wA ϦU u  v BU  \d B  B j  nB
 JBUnA  ~A ϦU k] BA L kA KABM 텚A A B AlB
BA Aln  B oiA  kA KAA 텚A BM   BA u ȗ
En LeB o  K\dA j vU B  { oT   Kn iAk  B 
A ϧl oiA FzA ȗ BnBYC  BpA  BA RBLU udA u u  A
:  BU B mA
(1)  d\A oT A  U   
Mn  Bh  BBX BBvG  h woA  BLA M TT mA A Am X
 ~A ȖTU    o{ nk UBe ȗ  Bwn TA jkdA kT    E k
~ B BA F   G Lw k\  B oTA jo\ G M  Kvd UBe
(2)  .   B  BCn k  \A    :  ȗ Ʒ
ȗ ȦdA nvA A kL M jAk ɃBA kA B] RB ȗ BLA Am k\ 
 n\A  BM ~TA 鮪U Bv  ~A ) :  ( A AA ) MBT
A   RBBA KB  BA KBXM A  񦪧A m TU    Unk
ȗ  BzA  ~A ȗ BM BTA A BA BA  uA o] ȗ S~e T
(3) . (  o~T  uA ȗ Biwo BL] A ϧl nB jBvA  BA
 JmA ȗ B   B cBLA  JmA JBUnA  \d BvA A k\ Am
. BoiE  Bj o [BT  üw nBYC  cBLA
........
njB~A
------------
. 6  5 oYBTA  ( 1 )
. 193 LhA TA Li LA [  ( 2 )
. 170 |  ( 3 )
: B]  B  JoA  nBzTwA
BM BA  cTU A]E ȗ xB  B üi E Kl E JBUnA  BvA T
T  ĿC  B   LwA B  B]  A ] nBzTwA   k qA 
 Aw ȒTL  A A LdA { k  Bü{ BoM kTv WdM BdLw BM
A o   cLA k{E o ȗ BeL  k An Bn  oE Bh B  cL~
. Uoow  T  B BA  BA  ^BLAo
. tBA  keA  G BB    BA ~A ]nj ȷ ϦU 
: MBvTA oE E A L ~A
BG ȂTU v ȗ dB nE j] kM G ~A  BU  A ~A A
. A LA ϦU
: v  A LA q vU TA MBA  nA A
. nBTiA  UjAnG nBG ȗ A v   ~A nBTiA  ZnBi v
ȗ B  YAnA o  jAk]A  BMC  LA A T B nBL  : A BE
BA  BLA  oBA RB~A  BMA ȗ B Yo BMA A hA  LA tB
  MoTA B  tA ȗ RBMBA ϦU T oiC B B B  ϧl A
ȗ ϧl   BA m  ȗ UBUM ȗ j]A RBA T BLA
. LA  ~A B    KAA B dB~A nA vE
 A Ȯ q  )) : (|) LA  ovA AoA  inƪA  oUAU k
ukM Ȯvk   B  Ȯ]oiE Te  RAnBA BenE G oBA JE
(1) . (( B\A
: BwA AoMG  Be BU B
(2)  ϧ v A BTnl  ϧ v B]A 
A  kT AoMG JBA ȗ E  (3)  L ȗ BM  B]  BU  
BU A kL oA   tBE AqM  AoMG nj ȗ A  LU A kM
: B mA AoMA Bk BU  MB\TwA ϧl   BvA U Te
(4)  BA kL A ȮM  ȮL]A 
(5)  Tnl  ~A  Ȯ]A Jn  
AoA A AoA M  () AoMA G (|) BM nBA SLXU RBA m 
k\A ȗ A en v\A RAnBL ȗ kA BA BA B]B oiA
. ( vA ~A  ) BM nBA SLXU nBdLA  oz uBhA
 ȗ LTA M Bv A T]oiE A kM kA ]oiE  Zoi ϧl o 
ukA  nBA ȷ (|) LA BM BA kBA A ɗ   Tnl   BU
kBM o{ SLY  B{kh   BXTvA BoU  kBA m  B\A Aln
joA ϧl ZohM 酚 B  BM (|) LA BMC nB  BE M  텚A
(( (|) LA kA BG )) ȗ cU kq UFw  ~hM
eA RB]n BM  TA BT]A  joA RAkB\A  nBL  ȯBXA BE 
BA nB A vA RBɃBoA jBLA   T oiAE A TɄ AE 
. BA
ȗ T\ Rk]E   oiA BM ZnBhA   nBTiA ȗ BM iAkA AA m
 ~ oh Al  ~A T   ~A  ɃB MBA BLA
. \LTA  vdTA B dTv
Ben ) UoA kvA  kA gzA A RB  BTv oiA n B 
vT E    BU A  U ~A : ( n ) kA gzA  ( A
(6) ( T~M
: ( n ) UoA kvA  
  M 햽 A kM B  cBLA  BTA k nBTh B  E BU A   
ɃA ȗ  j B  A  ȂT TA   BBG   BL   G
nBTiA  T Bü{ E A ȗ u  A ȗ  E T  E o  oX
     A ɗ  ~  񦪧A Am ɗ  cLA  BTA k
RLY      A 鮫 cLA BG  cL   vd     U
(7) .  TA
BdM BdLw   輖A Am BG ȗ A E tBwE  oA m ȮTLU 
k nBTi ~A   輗E  E BdLw     LTvA ȗ jAoA
  BE   BBG   BL   G  ~A  BU mk  cBLA  BTA
k  B   cLA  BTA Bk nBTiA B LA ϦU A SA T E
WLzT o  mA LdBM ~A ( tk ) kA gzA L{ k   B BdTwA
(8) .  oA  k E  B\A  LdA BTA ȗ nBTh oB  v M
: BLBLA A 
jBM  Az  hA AkTA  oA BTwA  jBL M i BdLw A A )
jo\M AB  w J   oB t  dd RBAnjG   jB  BlFM oA
M  KvA  jBT]BM  o B B |iA   uA w  oA B
E oBA   RBeAqA  AA fBwFM VTA  iAj nB  nE  E
. CoA c~ ȗ  ( cTBM ) ~hA  Ʒ
: dU o ]  ϧl cU 
njB~A nBTiA BA    nBTiA BA B Bnk oA LA BA A
nBTiA  BA nBTiA 햧A A {   ~ BM B BM TA B
A n~A TiBM ~  B 햧A Th BG  üzA A  nk~M
SdU X oA BXTBM jLA  o\A  j~A B B  B nk~ TA
. ~A SdU  A  B AoTA  A BLUA  JA B A  BA
A keE Aj   햧A  nk~ mA B Ti ~ B BBA TiB
   B G nk B ȴA oA BXTA  jLA  o\A J]M dA ȮE
Am   ~ G dT  ( BM lBA  ) ~A  njB~A oiA A Aj
  nk~ mA A  G u BAj BA M (|) LA  BA nk~
  BAj jLA J]M BlA   oT o dB  n üzBM
񦪟 BvA 񦪧A ȷ  AqA o hwAoA BvA üA  A n~A A A
 BɗE B nk~ Bv  LA Ȗɗ  Bd  AkA  B\zA  A
. ~A  jAoA A ȷ jBA  BA
Bv ü   BwoA LU ȗ  eA ȚU ȗ h  LA : oiA ]  
. A ȗ ~U   BLU  nBA ȚU ȗ hU 
 BA JA~A G B u  keA oU  ȷ  BA m A Bo  
(|) LA u G { BA   JBLwA  KLw wU o  (|)  SdU
ϦU  nBTiA BE nk~U A ϧl  B  BBM boTA üzA B 
(|) LA  BMA ϧl p  (|) L Bij o  BdLw A  jAnBM ~A
   nBTiA B  nBTiA BA Zoi ϧl ȗ  BE ȗ BoYFU ȗ UjAnG
.  jAnA  BM BA BvA jAoE  Ajo  AoTA ȗB
nBTiA BE  nk~ LA BvA ȗ KLw jB\BM ȷ BG BdLw A  ~B
(9) . 񦪧A  gwAoA A     B BMA
........
njB~A
------------
ovU  67 : jBTA cd~U  18 / 1 ej ow  30 / 1 LdA ovA  ( 1 )
. 322 / 4 BLA \  47 / 7 dA odLA ovU  174 / 24 pAoA
. 128 : oLA  ( 2 )
. 28 : oiqA  ( 3 )
. 35 : AoMA  ( 4 )
. 4 : AoMA  ( 5 )
. 61 | k~A kB bo{  ( 6 )
. 348 | 2 Z UoA ȧBE  ( 7 )
. 11 | RBA AA e  ( 8 )
. oLA nw  213 C ovU  141 / 2 AqA ovU BE e  ( 9 )
: nBTiA  ~A
ve  odA m u   nBTiA oe  nkA M  ~A M ȗBU k\  BA
  nBA wA ȗ BMoA BA j]M BA B  jBA tBA ȗ nBTiA
   B KAM B vA  m\A nw Joz  KLA   Bv
UBe  o   햧A  njB  햧A  MBT]A Be ȗ   B   ϧl
. Tw  Td B  Kd M B  B  BM oBi
 nkA  ȅA B TM  BA AoTA  njB ~A LB  Am 
ϧl  k~ BhA  nBzTwA  BA nBYDM   BA AU E o  odA
A   BLl nA  ȅA   k cMl  k  mA A kAB  
. k U 酚 B  U 酛  AnjB ϧl  B
BBɗE ɗ nBThA BvA LA oU  ~A  A : BLɄBLA A 
  nBTiA jBL  A    nAoA  nBL]A eBw A B]ohU   jAnA
UB Bw B B M A AlA vA KB  jAnA  G K]  A  jo\
: BdLw   kz   Mo{  nBTiBM T B  e 
   jBL  Bz  M k  A k ϧl  Tvɫ Ao A Bk 
(1)   AB B  Ld Ao{E
ɗ E A kU v SA ɗ   BLA A ]o ( BLT]A ) ɗ oA 
. ϧl  B  A AkA  BLT]A E o  BM Aoz E BG
........
njB~A
------------
. 88  87 BA  ( 1 )
: BLA ~
鼪]  BLA ~ A KmU o k\U BL  BLA ~ Fv ȗ AnA RjkU
Te ~A  nk~U   BA Te jA e   BoL  Bo BA
 BBU uB B\UBM KmU oiE o k\U BA zA En  B BBv  Aw
oT ȗ Te Ak  ~A nk BG A Lm  BɼLA ~ oU BB
. vA o  WkdA A M  zdA    UL
   oBLA  BLA ~ A KmU oiA Bo k\U Al  A Am M 
. jA e  M  ﱦLA e  M
 A BAnC jkU q   oiA oA  ȚTU  k BLݧ BTn B o 
L  BiA JBUnA E JmA nk G eU TA WjBeA  RBA  BTA
. BLA M
ȗ Te ~A JBUnA  U  Bv   oU  BLA ~M Ȯ
.oA k{E
bB] cL  kkzA UjAnG   ~A RBLU BTA TBeA  񦪧A m FzU 
. Bi A B   vA RBqA  qAoA
kA L ɗ BTE L  BLA ɗ BTA ~A J] ȦdA A boz 
   WdM BM BU A 햽 Ȗi  ~A ) :  LA k~U
~d  ϧl    ϧl  Unk  ~A JBUnA  BA oU A Aj
(1) . ( Bd    XLA oB STB  M YA
 ƫ BB   ~A Ȗ   B~A nk~M A nBLiA  RBA BE
ȗ   A  BA  ȗ AB B B  M nk]A   A oU  d
 k\U  UjBLM   BU A BM A k\U A  o~LA  A A
 B eBLA BBM AzA B AlB  Bp  An G M  M T
üw ϧl ALve eoA UBU  A{A  o~ B ϧl d  A  JozA
: (  ) B B  nBTwA  kA BL]Tv BLl 
(2) . ( MoA RBüw nAoMA RBve )
........
njB~A
------------
. 37 | / oz jBdA JBLA bo{ / nvA jAkA  ( 1 )
.47 | 2 Z kA  keTA ȗ kA A / nk~A k kvA  ( 2 )

: Bd Bo{  E   ~A  AkA kA
FhA  vA Td k B  Bd Bo{ ~A  AkA kA  E  
AkA kA ȗ BvA  FhA oɄ Td BA E  ~A  AkA kA RAl ȗ
j  E  kM ~A RBLYA ɗ A oA  ɗ    ~A 
kB  B ozA kA  ȦA kA  BLo j E  Bd B BA ~A
RBLYA ȗ Anj ozA kA K BM  LTA B ȗ ~A RBLYA nj ȦA
(1). oiA RBBA oBw ȗ T~
........
njB~A
------------
. 260 | 1 Z A nBA AkM / pAohA vd  ( 1 )
: A jA
ohA G B]  BjB tBA G wn WL E ( ] q ) A  dTv A  1
  Ak]A  A BMF B ϧm  TB  od  BYBM uk    b~A 
. nBTwA k{E oTv
BdA  K\    BAoTA pB]  ( | ) LA  BYA  BA RpB]   2
? K\  E  B ȗ BLUA m
A  }ioTM BTeBMA  BA vU AqTw  BAk]  AkM BM A oB
. M AkTA o  BLA BLUA K]E We  BdLw
 BodA  B~   (  ) BLA Bh MB\  ϧm ɄBM ȯBXA oA 
. UBwn AkE  TXM RBB BTA  ]U  k
j LA BTwA oL  SLX  Ȧ k  L mA  kA Am E h  
.  (|) LA }h{  BM oiA jA TU TA nTvA BYA
nk B ɛ TeA    T~M G dT  BLA XM  oA A  3
  ê    A o  B  A VLA LA  KmA E JmA
(1) . LT  B B Am 
ȗ k\  WdM {  L tBA  Y 郱  E L   kM  4
m oɓ ȗ qqT w qo A lA  BTA  FhA  Jm BTeA E 
. BdA
M \Td w nAmA  XeBLA B  ~ BLA    G lA
o Uj Td d~M BG qqT dA  XeBLA E B  Fh o
 BA nAodM BMd~ B LU    A   A E  UBwn BoA
. XA
 hA ~ k ȷ nA ȗ ( | ) LA j] A BT]eA TA A G  5
~ oɓ BLA Bɟ ɗ (  ) BLA A A]BTd  ~ ABɟ  
B o ȗ A    ]BdA  j] o A ]BTd AB
BLA j]   ~ A BTA J] E  B  BLA j] A jƼ  
. T~ J] SLX  BM  B 
. ( ... T~ K] vvTA BTA  ) : wA kA o~ ]AhA  Am 
(2)
E BB  Bv  L  Åi    jkv  A ZBTe Fh B  
(3). vvT ~ o E  JA SLX B~ 
........
njB~A
------------
. 302 | / LBA jB{nA  jAkA BA  349 jAoA z  ( 1 )
. 290 | / jAoA z / dA A   ( 2 )
. 123 / A e /oL{ A kL   ( 3 )
: A jA
: ~A  kU E ozU oA CoA  |~ ϼG 
 AA  BzA q\ We  ( }hA ) M jAoA M  oA CoA oL  1
BXTv B] jC ȮM A BzA KFU  BBe BU  BdLw   A
. dB~A A jBL
.  ~hA  jBL G  ]E  UqL B 
B  B  T B  A  AA  BzA tF ȗ KLvA q 
A Bv (}hA) A om UABdA  BzA oYFU ]M B Akw zU
. (~A)
 oA k{E ȗ AodA  (  ) w qU ȗ KLvA oA CoA oLTA B
: w nw  24 A ȗ B  B~h B E
.  ~hA BjBL  G BzdA  vA  o~ ϧm 
.  vA vU  oLBM tBA oBUE  : BU  BdLw   2
: B  q  
 U  B AU E A k BT oL U  B U  
ovA B]  BXA  LBM BeA Boz hnFU    ~BM LA dT  B
L  TBwn 鼂T  ]TM AhTwA  AnjpA  kBM MB]  tBA oE 
. BiA  LhBM
ȗ B  o{ E k E j  BLA BA no ȗ A oAA RB] k  3
: BU 
(1) .  A lBM B G wn  BwnE B  
 A BG nBv ȗ SB  B  ozM kA o  A TBA c~U BG 
A BBM oA B G  峦A B B TBG   WdM  BjAkTA 
 Bw AodA  Fh Ƀo   A BBM oA   BU 
. 輚 ȗo
BB   FM BMoA KBA  A AA LU o{  oA CoA oL  4
. (2)  BA k B   : BU  ȗ B
BLA B JmA  BYBM Bvk   A  ȯCoA oA ȗ ( A )  jAo 
. YG  AoTA E Kl   FM AB E kM A KBA m
A  A A]o B  ve wE A wn ȗ  B k  : BU   5
B~A  nk   ( | ) M wFTA  AkTA ve  Sj We  (3)  oiA
\e oU  pA\A  \e  B B   M AkTA pB] B vA M TeA E
. BB]G BM pA   e]oA 
(4)  AoU o  SLA E u]oA  Km A ko BG  : BU   6
B    Bo  nmA ]BM oBA C  LA ~  Sj We 
. BLA  o M  M oBM
........
njB~A
------------
. BvA nw  64 A ȗ  ( 1 )
. 124 : oLA  ( 2 )
. 21 JAqeA  ( 3 )
. 33 JAqeA  ( 4 )
: j BvA  B~A Lv
  j tkF  B ȴA o\zA WkdM  BLA ~ BhA vU
. (  ) jC ozLA L B~i   BLA ~M bkA
: ȷ nw VY ȗ B ȴA o\zA Wke jn k 
BMoU BT{ We Akn B  \A ]p SA wA jC B B   : BU 
B  BB B B]oiB B BzA BpBɗ  BA  BTɗ o\zA m
Mn  jC T  e A BT  oTv nA ȗ   k L M ALA
(1) .  eoA JATA  A  JBT RB
m BMoU   BT{ We B  \A ]p  SA wA jC B  : BdLw  
 B n Bɫ B kL BzA B twɗ  BA ɫ BTɗ o\zA
kBhA  BU E  BU E A o\zA m  BMn B񼴯 B B  BUEw
 BUEw B RkM o\zA BAl B noM Bk  dBA  B ȯA BwB 
A  o\zA BU  BA A BMn BjB  \A n  B B~h 
 BeoU  B oU  A  BvA B BMn B L k B BzA A B
 e A BT  oTv nA ȗ   k L M ALA B  owBhA 
(2)
 B lA  Bq  k\   v L  jC A Bk k   : BdLw  
 ]q  ϧ k Am A jC B Bɗ  MA uMA A Ak\vɗ j Ak\wA
 B AƪU  ϯA  oU   B \U A ϧ A  zT \A  B]oh
 L  Ϧ  khA o\{  ϧjA  jC B : B BzA A tw  dU
Mn  jC ~   \A n  B B~hM   BUCw B RkL B B
BB k L M B] B BLA : B  k   JBT Mn BLT]A Y  
(3) .  z     Ak LUA  k Ȯ UF
? ( BMoU  ) ȗ ȴA  ȷ B
k oA A  BM oA  jB{nA ȴ    Ǳ ȴ : v A v ȴA E
 TBA K]AA oA  v AmhT vA  A 雱    oE ȗ 
 JAXA KUoT ϧl k KT\ E K\ B ȴ E B  B A K\ BM oF
. BhA  JBA   BA
oA  v mhT E j  AkA A  jB{nA  c~A 雱   k 
B\A  KBhA jBw kBA zA cBA  v mhT M  TB K]AA 
nA  JBT]A AkA ϧl BTM oA  o Aj  AlA KLB BzA 
oA Bi A   BA  d~A  KUoTU  BXTA  BBM oA B  oiA
ϧl   A u  LUoTA RBBA w BhA ϦU  KUoT  KLA
. z [B  cB KL A BM G 汧A ϦU KT  KLA 
 c~A BM ~ kU BA o\zA  ȴA Bh A :  ϧl So AlA
. A ]  BdLw  AnjB B ȴA B  B
: AoA m    jB{nA FM kzU RBA ȗ j]A AoA BM
BA   MBA  MTA kM oYA Uo A K\ ^B B o\zA  ȴA B   1
. BdLw A A TMBA  jC MU n Be  ȚM BhA  KUoTA oYA A o
FM bo~U   ȴA Am   JBA zU (  ) nw ȗ jnAA RBA A  2
KAA  oA nBYA  BhA  KUoT B jC B~ BjB{nA B B ȴA
 B]oh  ]q  ϧ k Am A jC B B  : BdLw B jdA o
.  dU   B FU  ϯA   oU   B \U A ϧ A  zT \A
B~h B BUCw B RkM  o\zA T]p  jC Al B kM BdLw A  3
BzA A B A  o\zA BU  BA A  : BAjB  \A n  B
. (4)  L k B
 BdA ȗ kwB  dB~ MBh k{nE mA zA cBA Bv BvA Am B
 ϴA A .. ϧ A E : M LBh  j mk   v  Bi  
? ... oA Am
BUCw  B n̰ B AkM A   B BzA ww A L BdLw A  4
:  We
.  BUCw  B n̰ B B kL BzA B tw 
Mo  Boe   BdLw   jBTMA  oiC oYE BzA ww  KUoT  
. A RBBh BhA oYE  mA
  ( o\zA  A  ȴA ) ȴA Am jC  U mA oA A Y  5
L mA dA  TA o B  BT BB~ TBh kU Te U o
 AkBM BvA  T Ak B dA ϧl BA  c~A n kM T]p  A
. BhA nBYC  BA [BT kBz U nj  BkE
 A oU  A oU A U  jC Bh A kA  ovA oXA nBTiA 
}h{ j }h{ A LvBM cd o AoA  BLl k B B We  Lv Kl A
 oA A o  v ke ȗ cL oɓ AqB]  BeBL RAmBM A  B  
. cd o AoA k  |Bi }h{  nk cLTv T\A
UA AlA A G T v  m oL BLA oU k  ~A BA A  BX
o\zA  A Ap   KoT o  BM Ŀ o AoA k n~A mM LA BM
.  oTdA oLA RB~hzA  RAmBM eBLA BA M nk Ap A
........
njB~A
------------
. 37  35 : oLA  ( 1 )
. 24 19 AoA  ( 2 )
. 123  115   ( 3 )
.32 : AoA  ( 4 )
: j BzA ww  B
BzA vU k  T~M A  j BzA ww T\U  LA FvT
. ~hA A jBL 
: JA\A 
ϧl kM BdLw BLT]A BA   LT\A  ȴA Bi  ( vA  ) jC  
ϧl    k   JBT Mn BLT]A Y  Mn jC ~   :BdLw B 
 u BzA A   LT\A e ȗ BdLw ol B ȗBU  j BzA ww
. A o  u  ~A ϦU e ȗ K~
vTA  lA n~M U  ozLA MA A LvBM BzA ww A G BBM
vTA  JA ȗ lA n~M SB  lA ( BA ) E ( B ) M TkU jBzM
(1) .  tBA nk ȗ tw  : BdLw  ȗ B ( ȗ ) M U  B
d  BAkeA A  TwwA M oA  z oLTA ȗ RBTA Am 
. nBzA  JoA dM oiA   nk~A ȗ ZA  ikA
~A ȗ BA Bd BhA o G ȮU  BA ȗ wwA A : BdA 
. BLT]A  ~A ȗB  Am A cAA  
ȗ dT o  ϧl ȗB A oAA Bh ȗ BzA Ao  MB\TwA 
. B  BjB{nE BA ȗ ȴA oA A  kU B BA
(2)  B BzA BpB  : BdLw  BE 
(3) .  BUEw B RkM o\zA BAl B noM Bk  :  
B M d~BM Bo   (  ) jC  A G ozU CoA oMBTA m A
. kvA BdA  kLA  BzBM Bo
 BqA BzA A ) E ( p ) E  k~M LA nBYA  cB~A kT  
. ( noM BTB
. (  )  ... ( ~   )   B
. (  ) jC ozLA M AA  B~A Lv ȗ BA mM WLzTA vT
: JA\A 
) : n MA B BA i M A ]B ȗ  ȯCoA c~A ȗ B~A A
B~  ~ oA  ~   Mn Bi AlA  Mn kLA ~  BA i B~A
. ( 텽  AlA : ~  BB~ 
B oA B B  A Am ȗ i mA oA e A K\ m  
. BLl BhA U  BqU B E BjB{nA AoE B G  BLl B~A B BAqG
BhM |B~TiA    BBM MBA oM  ~ jB ȗ A RB oB 
. ϧm u jB{nA BE A B  mA ǱA oA
ȴA jB{nA o kM d E Ap\U BA ȗ B~A BTwA  A kM  
. BA ȗ
BTwA    BA ȗ ol B c AA k BhA  M jAoA B  
. ϧl kƽ d KLA oAE Bh ȗ B~A
B~ E  KUoT  jB{nA oA  (  ) jC Bi mA oA A BTLYA A  Lw 
.
: YY B  Rjn k (  )  BE
A m ȗ   TLi E ( tBA SA ) : jC  w Wke ȗ   LhA 1
FA  Ajo\ B mA koA yA  Boe  Aovi  jC Li  ȒA  jAo
. RBzA  RB~A  M oA 
: BdLw  Bv ȗ o~A nA MA ov : jBvA  2
tB  \A ȗ yA A {    z  kv E   Mn jC ~  
. dA  jBvA nAj  mA jBA B ȗ yBM
 B  ~   u   k{oA MB ȗ A M ȒA A w   3
p     Ƀ E  A  k~ TA o ȗ E KvA o ȗ Ƀ
.~A
?  BvA B BMn  : jC   B
: MA]
B AlB A  B ( Ƀ o ȗ zA Ƀ )  ǱA B A A
A ɃA  o z  z M  BLl    A q  A AmM A
: BdLw    vA  MB u A k BdLw A : ϧl
(4) .  Ben An A k\ A oTv Y v  E Aw   
A   KmBM AoTA qTv  ( BvA B BMn ) jC  A cT ϧmM 
. vA  o u
hM A jke  ApB\U qTv   BTB  uA d K] u A B
. jke  pB\U B vA 
: BdLw   jAoA A  ̽ ϧmM 
. (5)  BA  BT o\zA m BMoU   
pB\T qTvA vA  MB ȗ BTB  uA d qTvA u A 
. BdLw jke 
?  JBT :   jAoA B
]  ( Mn A JBU ) jC A  Aj   oLA Unw ȗ (  JBT )  A
   AkA  eoBM  ]n   A JBU  AkBM A ]n  A A TMU
 A A Bo{A A    nk KmA  A A MBA  ]n  j 
RB~hzA M  nk k    BeBL  AqB] A u  A 񪪧A
j kU  RB\A ϦU ȗ A A RB~hzA ϦU MBB  cd o AoA  And
) : B ϧl ]   A BM B w  j kU M  KmA nk 
ȯA  L  Ao̽ A : (|) LA  ǰn k  ( MoA RBüw nAoMA RBve
(6) . ( o Lw   A oTwA
AnjA    w  j  M KmA nk  j  nBTwA Am u 
. A 
? ( B oU  A  ) :  ȗ AoA  B
: MA]
 oTw  Ao  o  o : B  oTvA  TA M ( oA ) A AoA A
KmA  oTvA M p   oTvA M AoA B AlB  Uo k UoTw { 
] BvA  nk~A KUo o AqB] AoA B BMn  BLl B BMn nTvA B 
 B nB~TwA ȗ dB~A  BA jB  BdLw A  jC K ϧl
oTvU  E ( B oU  A  ) : B  JA  o~A BTwA  RBvdA 
jC E { ( owBhA   ) eoBM B ]oU  E ( BeoU   ) B
 ϧl ] BdLw A c~ Bw k KLvM   B mA A ovi k
mA AovhA  ]AoiBM E eoA   L oTvM E oBM  ]o A  K
.  o
........
njB~A
------------
. 5 : tBA  ( 1 )
. 36 oLA  ( 2 )
. 22 : AoA  ( 3 )
. 110 : BvA  ( 4 )
. 35 : oLA   ( 5 )
. 72 | omA JBT 8 Z v cd  ( 6 )
: BA MA B\M LBA  b
45 A  j nw ȗ jn BM b ~ k  BLA ~ BA kTwA k
:  RBA ϼA  47 G
BdA eA SA  dA k A  ȦE  ȮMA A Jn B Mn b jB  
ωA ȯA  M ϧ u B FvU  cB o  A ϦA  u A b B B
ȧ oU G   M ȧ u B ϧFwA A M lA ȯA Jn B  B\A  U E
.  owBhA  A ȮeoU 
: ]M RBA mM kTwA k 
( ȦA  ȮMA A ) b  KmU  ϦE  u A  : BU  oB G  1
? ϧl ȗ ]A B JmA  p\  LA B AlA
oB B  B\A  U A ωA A  M ϧ u B FvU   :   2
 ȴ  JBTBM Ki ϧl ]   BLA eBvM Ŀ o  Aw nk
. nAoTA
  AoA K B  owBhA  A ȮeoU  ȧ oU A  :   3
. ~A  T\     KmA
: M]A BE
A  Lw  G A B\M Be k k BdLw A A : A ]A  JA\A
 A ϦA  YA ]p   B eA B nTA nB BoA B] AlA Te  : B
(1) .   G  C B  A  Lw
BL  BBM oBT B b MA   E \ BM BLA g{  BdLw A  k 
TA Bk M b  ϧl  k   M ƪA  E n~T MA B   o
 E  (2)  oBA  U   B KnA ȮMB  vA Mn ȗ BMA KA A
ikM Bm B k BBM AkT B E BM   LA ȗ nBzU Te  U
k A  oɓ  E ɗ odA TnjA oA njA B  ( ϦA  ) ɛ ɗ
MB]A   ( ȦA  ȮMA A : B  L ȗ B oA mk   Kn Mz  e BdLw
ȮLBhU    : E  ȗ iAj B  o ] A oA njA B FM BdLw
(3) .  o A A mA ȗ
: MA\  ȯBXA ]A BA
Am    A  Lw  BXTwA  A B\BM b k k ( ] q ) A A
Av  A  JAm K]Tv   ( E ) ]  A  j B BXTwA
 E ȗ oA  k o{E e L{ \BhU  E b  B mk   ]BM
LTz  A K\ B  LT{A A  KU   XTvA ȗ iAj u  XTvA
. ( 
(4) . M JB]A B Am
A B\M Be k B A    MBvA JA\A  cA   oiC JA] B 
AkT B M MA BM  B b   (  A  Lw  A )  M
{    nB   ݧ A ~M BvT ȚM  ƫ A BdA oBM
. ( Mn jB ) ϧm MA BA G LvBM
B M Ak   A B]An u ( B\A  U A ωA ȯA )  BE 
]An  M Bn  Bdd AvA B  LA 雱 BA oA Am ȗ Mn Ak
B LTvA ȗ Fw A A  oE BM A A A kM LTvA ȗ AvA  A
. B\A 
E  dTA kA  BMn M nk  KmA  kTvU  A A 
lA ) : B   Mn  ( vA  ) XTA ϧm  LTvA ȗ  KmA nk~ 
(5) . (  M ȧ u B ϧFwE A M
: ȯBXA ] WBY JA]
: ( ow tk ) BLBLA  
B\ Aw A v A  ȗ ( dA k G  ȦA  ȮMA A Jn ) b  G
M  M LA kkvTA Be   A BA Tz A  u A     MA
 kU B  ȴA oTM   M ϧ u B FvU   : M ȴA  njF AvA
BB M A A ϧ Lw  cB o   ϦE  u ϮMA BM Be AoLh
  oM AvA  ȴA   M ϧ u B Aw  UB\ Aw A njBLU A
JBUnA  qTv  zA  ȴA  ^B   ^LTv   AvA dU  qTv
 ~A  B A TM Ajn  BnBTiA 햧A  A  T BA  L
BvA  q A F{  B AMoTA B   BE ȗ BdLw A LAo A kkvTA
: BU B  jLA o AqTA  jAkvA A Bj  JA~A ] A L
Ƀ  BdA Ƀ Bl AlA  Bü{ A oU Rk k BTLY E   
(6) .  Ao~ B  ϧ k\U  Y RBA
BTwA kM b   kM 隽  B ȴ ( FvU  )  ȗ ȴA A  k B 
Bü{ Fw B    (  M ȧ u B ϧFwA A M  lA ȯA Jn ) BdLw MBi
A c B   ϧl MBz B E SFw B M lA ) :  A  B L 
: BdLw  Mn  Bü{ Fv  Be
 B\A  U A ωA ȯE 
Fw  B\A  B L  Bü{ Fw b B    FvU    U
.  M  u B
B o  雰 B kM ϧl  noT  A AvA  ȴA  jAoA B  BE 
CoA ȗ o jn B  E  ȴA j XA jA  ȴBM bo~ E KvA
A A  ...  M  u B ABM U  TvBM U lA ) oA
(7) . ( AkME X AjU
: WBXA ]A  JA\A BE 
: BU  BdLw  A
 owBhA  A ȮeoU  ȧ oU A  
Un E BE  KjFTA  TA   A A B  ozA Te  MTA Un
 A o K Bp  lBTwBM BU A A B]n ϧl ȗ B MTA n
K M oA   Bd TB {  Tp  B BvA  oTw E Ten
 BvA kv ȴA oTw     ozTA k oA ~A  L  E oTvA
. { \
B mA AvA M  M SBe TA A BA B  ozA Te  BE 
A   en  o ȗ p  BA AoTw SB  B\A op ȗ ij K]
:    BM BdLw A
 owBhA  A ȮeoU  ȧ oU A  
. (8) \A ~ o{  BY  Rovh RqA  ȯmU  A E M
햧A ϧl nk  ȗ 雰 A o  BA ϧl ȗ BLA g{  nk~  
BBM BdA ϦU oTvA K A  c ϧl ]    B AvA   
. nk M  M BdA A
........
njB~A
------------
. 40 : j  ( 1 )
49 : j  ( 2 )
. 37 : j  ( 3 )
. 101 | 2 Z BzA KeB  ( 4 )
BA nkwA kA oB B AqTA  BzA U B B~TA  ( 5 )
BzA yB  101 | 2 Z
. 75 : AowA  ( 6 )
. 245 | 10 Z AqA  17  15 nA  ( 7 )
247  246 | 10 Z AqA  ( 8 )
: hA AoMA
 ] B  A    nA  RAvA R AoMA o ϧm  
Am B BpBM oA En B  A KeE  B A B Mn Am B BL En A
B pBM uzA En B  BA A   Mn ȯk  ç B E B Mn
(1) .  ozU B oM ȯA B B SA B oLA Am Mn Am
: LzA
kT B ( ) AoMA FM b ( Mn Am ) : BU M BLA ~ o WLzT
. BLA  L  p\  B Am  BvA Ao]A MMoM
\v BE ϧl BM K]E  M ƽ B M   B M RBU B FM nmU AlA 
. M ƽ B   B MB A M odA  BL  
: JA\A
o  RBA TU B   (  ) AoMA FM ( A en ) UoA kvA nB{E
 BU Mn FM BB B BdA ϦU ȗ B M oA oA  Bp ȗ   zA
: ] keE  ϧl B BA  KAA  { ~M  E p\
Mn Am LTz nBA Lw  BkeE  B Lm  k Mn A : A
. v  odT v]
. B BTw BTwA oe wA  BTv ϧl B E : ȯBXA
: ϧl cU 
  dA A ]nkTv E A jAnF  A j   KAA kL AoMA  B
BL En   A  ] Te oTB    oM oA  A  A T
JB KA E B  A AFɄB  Mn Am : q BBd B  kL B
BL\d   oTU   KTU  A E A o S    A A SdU
. {
wE   Mn Am  : M ATwA   B]AnkTwA  B BpBM oA En B 
 BA A   Jn ȯk  ç B A B  A  B\e oLE  An
 KɄ  oA A kM kT  A   KAA m uA ê o E A oz
. odA m  m E A
B oM ȯE B B SA Bɗ oLA Am Mn Am B ɓpBM uzA En Bɗ 
lA  B B zA ȚM   XBXA  BXA  A Mo\TA S k   ozU
kM   nBLA dTvU    jBLA FTvU  B  KAA jBL  AoLA  kM
m ȴ] S] ȯA  : B  A Bi A LM ]U TA  AoLA A A
o TdA \TA ȷ m  ɟozA  BA B  Be nA  RAvA oɗ
 jo\TM o  keA o  A Am B{E  { E ȗ dA oTA  ~eBA
 ke A FM  pB\A A G BTe jU BA Am n  n E A oMkU
. nA  RAvA oB
ȒTL  BMAm] BodT Ao~U   (  ) AoMA Bd B n~ oA CoBɗ
k B  dA \TwA  dA A AkTA o  wo  (  ) AoME
.   MoU G BE
........
njB~A
------------
. 78  75 BA  ( 1 )
: AoMG ~
^BG E kLU AlB   M B lA .w KM Mn B] lA AoM T{  G  
.w ȯA B  \A ȗ o o  BA JoM  B  koU aA j C
(1) .  FU A B TC A Ao . oMk  AT
........
njB~A
------------
. 91 - 83 : RBB~A  ( 1
: RBLzA
 ϧl ol BA    Bw     d Jm  w ȯA  ɛ G - 1
.  ZohA  nmT
o A T We \A 햽 B ȟBd  \A ɗ oɗ   A - 2
. 񦖧A BA ȗ Ao i  nA VAkeA
: JA\A
. ^BA  ^Bw B  峪w Ȗ j BM Td  - 1
  Bk \A A oA JoA jB  B  \A ȗ o o   BA - 2
. { ȗ o A ko Bk BkeA 햽 B   a] Aw  MB]BM o
BF E  \A ȗ o : oA BA o AlG }hz U JoA A jBT  ǰn
(1) .   B oA
A  njBA  njB  A  峖 jkd  ^AoT BvA A o () AoMB
? 
Bi RBA ȗ e oTU SB () AoMA A : B FM ^BA MB]A  k 
Lo BA     \A ȗ o ϧl ]  Moɓ E K M T
  Am    ikA wBM zA  nBzA ȪvU JoA   kA
 T A  S ϯA  L BU B  ( S  ) RA  i oA A
(2) .
k  aBU  .. B M Ba  L  k{n AoMA BUC k   : BdLw 
E AB ... ]o G    ^AoL aG  ^AlAm] \  oMk AU A kM BA
A]o  AB G wB Am oL  M B AoMA B BTDM Am S SE
  Ʒ B S k wn  Av Y BA TA A AB vA A
A A j  kLU B   A o 햮  B A j  kLTA B
(3) .  U
: LzA
FM A a] Aw  JB]E Bk JmA A F\ FM () AoMA ~M bjBA vT
. BA ov mA  AoMA A BdA  ( oL  M ) B
: JA\A
AoA    MB]A ȗ ^AjB]   () AoMA FM kU BM d Ao B A
. AoA
E kM BA k aBU   M TLBh  kLA  njB k ()  - 1
(4) .  oMk AU
Ak]  kM A A]n B kM A Te B o  AkM ^Anz B AoMB
AB    BLohU  BA  AkBM UA  M A ABwA  ^AlAm] BA
(5) .  AoMA  B om T Bw
 nkU  BoL  Bo TC G BA kL  AoMA M vA  A - 2
A 鼪] M  M M  M cAA vTA  oA ϦU 骗 햧A   odA
LT Te oiA B M k\A B M T  A   A AmM AoMA JB]A AlA
. kA ȗ Åi  A
 ozA  幃oT  FwB  ] : B FM LzA m  JB\ A  B
 oL  M   A ȗ    AB A
oɫA \ kɛ ozA A A oBɈ We  A ɗ nTA  ɫ Am 
 oB LU kB ϧl ȗ  . Aw  MA\ ^Ak k~ BG  AvBM
T  oLU    ^B    ^ 鼅Tv  A mA jL E
.  BhMU
........
njB~A
------------
. 70 / 8 : ȓAoA ovU    ( 1 )
. 30 : oqA  ( 2 )
. 67 - 51 BLA  ( 3 )
. 57 : BLA   ( 4 )
. 60 : BLA   ( 5 )
BM   M S 
 Mn BoM En E  BM   M S  
 ϧl XM     B E nB B    zeBA M Sa BA : LzA
. BoT  Mn BoM En E 
T~  BLA B  \vU BM jakT M]BM LzA m  ovA JB]E
.TB  훱 B B  
. ^AoiFU  ^BkU A m ȗ A : B
a B A Am   ( BM a Mn BoM En E   M S k  ) : Am A 
G ikU   AkTMA  Mn BoM En A    BdLw  ȗ (  ) ^BG BM
JA\A     JA] A ZBTdU AkTMA (  ) A  {  B  EkTLA 
ɃA ȗ B E JBhA M o hA  RBAoA RoUAU k  . ^BLB ^Anm
 BA E   oA k BMA] md BMn  ( o Ϧ Ȧ  ) oi
. (1)  e JAU aA A  Ten   aA     BdLw   BvA
\A k JA\A md BMn  ( T񦴧  Ten  aA ɗ   E )
k ȯA  ST  )   ( TnAkU A  S S kɛ )   kTA
 LA Am    ST ~hU    S񦴧 ȟnAkU  A  ( T~i
: BU  BdLw
.  Mn BoM En E  BM   M S k   
 )  :  ȴ A BE  oz oiA    BAkeA ) : T] A ƽ
 ȴ kA BA  jjoU M o~ qq  ( A ) dU  k   ( M S k
k ( BM  Mn BoM En A  ) okU   Mn BoM En A  BM     :
. ( Mn BoM En B  A dU k 
: B (n) {oA U M A kL M U BYke : B  MBM MA  Wke ȗ 
Roe : B  \A M kd M Ȧ  nMBvA Bw M Ake  MA BYke
uE  A wn MB : FA  B () w M Ȧ BoA k  FA u\
: ɗ B A A  WkdA ol   ( M ) B ? ( ~ BLA A ) : ϧ 
: BU A   ȯoLiB
  M S k : () BoA B  Mn BoM An A  BM   M S k  
KmM  ~A   ^B~ B   M Sa B BM a Mn BoM En A 
 FM    U FM Sa : B E () jB~A MA  MA ȮYke k   UF  
(2) . vdA BMA B : anj a : FA B ( 햽
BA  B  A m ovU ȗ () ~A ĿA  kk RBAn : B 
We  iAkU B   UoL]A G BT BM a   BqA ] M Sa BaE () BoA
  TA M vB  BzdA   vA  o~ ϧm  : ϧl kM A U
(3) . BzdA  TA  o~ E  BqA M BzdA
 BM TA ~A ]nj  w q BTn  \vU  B (  ) ɧ owBTA  
. (4) BT]Ao G nBA d  Bol  o
? BoLA B : t
. JBUo ^BLn kU   dA Ȧ\U TA A \dA  BoLA : Z
uA o\ɽ mA jzA A  zA A ɗ wɽ Cn mA BɷoLA BɫA
. Bh LeB~U  jBA   ~ A B U  B A BvA
 BhA KA  YDA [BTM ȮA A  ~A uwA keA A A  
ϧm  qqA EoA  SeoTA B ak mA  w KeB~ B mA A Am
 k 郱 Bo oTU  L S{  () w B  Rݫ TA A LdA
w k v  Vke  ^BB a{ B   LdA ϦU jB B B jo
(5) . o~ qq B\U ()
........
njB~A
------------
. 10 : nA  ( 1 )
vwƫ dU  169 | / 3 Z  / BoLA ovU / ȯAodLA {B kvA )  ( 2 )
. ( XLA
. ( 219 | / 41 b / 2 Z XA n ovU )  ( 3 )
. 304 : \A ovU  ( 4 )
5 Z CoA B  ( 5 )
: ȅLA T  w
: BU B
 e  kA ij  vdA q\ ϧm   ^Be BUC k{A M B  
T{  mA YBTwB k  Am  T{  Am TT ]n B k] BA 
 k A BzA   Am B .  w q k  mA 
BM Jn B . eoA nA  A  o ȧ oɓB v SɈ ȯA Jn B . L
(1) .  o\ Ao A  Ȧ SA
: BdLw  ^BE AozA nw  q] n~M ~A ϦU Rol 
 SE  S TA T S  w o  B SXL  ^Ak B Mo A 
 BA  BA  ^AlA BT B  oBA
........
njB~A
------------
. 17 - 14 }~A  ( 1 )
: RBLzA
TT ^BL oiA  ^BAowA BkeE B ]n B k] kA () w jn Bk
B kM   T nk ȗ  鼪\M Mo o~ oiA  T{  mA o~TwB
: Ȧ BM    k oE  o
BzA   Am -  1
v S ȯA Jn - 2
 o ȧ oB - 3
BA  BA  ^AlA BT - 4
TA   w  nk B A  kT MnA RAoA mM ÅhA WLzT 
.ozA UAnoL  ^  
   BM XBY   u  BM oiA  BzA   BM nBU   ϧm
. oBM TLB Y    
: JA\A
AowA ȮM  BwnB B TA JBnA  TA  骚 AjE BLA  o mhUA
.
cMm  B Tv ^B{ BE ]  nA ȗ  o A  : BU  
(1)  kvA  B A Bv ȼdTv  BMA
.AmC oBvA MBnA \A  ǱkA A o~ n ȅ
 w M   BLA  kƫ  o M ^AoAj B mA Ao~A A]A ȗ 
ozA  vA A  BT ^ BLA  ȅL T ak  AowA ȮM  nB~A
B o T B  ȦAowA o~  w hU  A A BBM dA
kBvA ȯoA BA    jn E oT E j  幧vM ȦAowA ȴ 
. AowA ȮM Bj ϖw ȗ    BLA k B AmC
 \vU  BFM ÅhA p TA MnA RAoA A oT  kA m BM kM 
. () w ~M B
( BzA   Am ) : A oA BA
 ȅLA M RnAj TA zɛBA A nB{A ( Am )   A TdA ɫ ɯBɗ
( A T A STA  ȦAowA
  Am  :   FA Fw Bk () BoA BA  \A MA An k 
(2) . T  w  B  ]oA M 雰 mA BTTA : B  BzA
. () w   BzA oYFU  Aq kU  WLzTU A Åh     
A nB{A  BzA   Am  BU  ȗ ( Am )  A ^BA TdA  
: BTeA   BzA   FM  AlB BA  ȅLA T
  ɄA  nBkA o\  i KA A Bw k  A : A BTeA
FM  A  A   T   L o M BM B TA wAA RjAkTwA
: BdLw B   LA ȗ o\ B  aow mA o C ƫ  ȷ
ZoiB αT M oUF ݪA A w B B v ]n kA ~E  B]  
(3) .  dBA  ϧ ȯA
: BU  ȗ B  BzA A BTLv c~ BA A B  
 LT]Bɗ BzA   u]n pA  JB~A  ovA  ohA BA 
(4) .  dU
A BvA vU TA  vA i  oMkTA w  ]BA ÄBhA BA ϧm
. ^BE BzA A BTLv c~ iA KAA
: ȯBXA BTeA BA 
UBB We  ȅLA  BTTA  ȦAowA  G j A ȗ nB{A wA A
. BTeA  nmdA BTA We  BMBw G nBzA Ao~A LM
Ƀ  ǱA A M jAo B B  ( v SɈ ȯA Jn ) : BXA oA BE
  \ B  d ȗ   ȅL w T A LU k   d o ȗ zA
. ^BBY K] M ~hA BA ȗ B\TwA    ^E nBkA  A o\
A 汽 A ca~  cd~A d ȗ  ^BA w    \A ϦU ]
 v BɈ ] A ϧl  Jo mA    BBM BA  汽 BM
. e  ^BkU   ^B B ~ B   廧
( eoA nA  aE  o ȧ oB ) XBXA oA BE 
 A  B\A   LU BBM A LB B jAoA   oTvA K M oB
: M ϧl  BdLw oaL k     o o{  ~hU
(5) .  ^BT BT  A  B\ ^Bv ST  
TA oAƪA  oLiB o C  ƫ ]oM  a A kM BdLw B\ k 
A  Te  KoT ^BBi o~  Zoh   BA kTvU TA  k BdU
hU  ... K{  B    }~A  a}   K{ nAj q  k nE
(6)  BA A  R\
 M   w  nk   ~ U  A  TA  A : ϧl A A
. vA oBM BhTA M ~   BzA dT  oL~ A M odA B
 Tp  o A aA k miF  ~ KUnA A v nAo ɗ o B ϧm
   jBA BvA M miAƽ  bBL  Jo  MoA RBüw nAoMA RBve
 tBA Ak Bw Bwn dU A ~h{  ^  nBA BvA M miAƽ
. nA  ozA dU
( BA  BA  ^AlA BT ) MAoA oA BA 
k  BBv  iA LBA  A  KUoT B A  A  jAoB
: BdLw   ȗ A Am dA omA TwA
(7) .  oiA BkeA omT BkeA U A AkzA  oU  
 B BL AlA E  (8)  kk] i Ȗ BA nA ȗ B AlA E  BdLw B 
  KUoT B  JB  AoTA  e A  STwA k w A : Be
.nAoA miA ȗ B\TwA   nBkA  A oU A Tj  üw  jjn 
^B  ^Be BUC   : M TA KUo A L w BdLw A ~ Bk 
(9) .  vdA q\ ϧm 
(10) . ( o\ ^Ao A  Ȧ SA BM Jn ) : B vA  Bj ȗ 
.  ? AkA k  ABM A ovU Am kM c~ 
........
njB~A
------------
4 : }~A  ( 1 )
199 | / 1 Z BoA nBLiA   224 | / 3 Z BoLA   ( 2 )
20 }~A  ( 3 )
90 : kBA  ( 4 )
. 30 :   ( 5 )
. 5 : }~A  ( 6 )
. 282 : oLA  ( 7 )
10 : k\vA  ( 8)
14 }~A  ( 9 )
17 }~A  ( 10 )
: BA  jaAj ~
() jAj ~
: BU 
hU  AB  q jAj  Aij lA JAodA AnavU lA ~hA FL BUA   
... Ao~A Aw A BkA  zU   dBM BM eB M  BM M B~i
(1) .  JBE  ^BAn aoi  Mn oTwB BT BA jAj  
........
njB~A
------------
25 - 22 : | nw   ( 1 )
: LzA
: BU M XLzT  Km jAj AoTA L{ () BLA ~ o oX
 nk k ^BLl oTh jAj nBTwA A tBwE   JBA  ^BAn aoi  Mn oTwB 
. MBA  nBTwA A Bj 
: JA\A
E - ~hzM AlB 峦A omM ^B\  jBLA ȗ ^BnB MAod ȗ () jAj B BM
oA B   ij   BdA A  JAodA  AnvU k - (1)  B
 TF A BowA ]A  hA  () jAkM ae B BEn Be  ^Akk{ ^Bq q 
.  odU   dA A Bk{nA  kBM eB  k ȃBT B] : B 
ȧ \ vU  vU  iA Am A : ^B BM keAA \A KeB EkTMA Y
. vTA  vTA ]B A T\  ko  keA \
A L () jAj Am B  ]B A T\ AvM Ϫ k  : () jAj  B Y
 JBA  ^BAn aoi  oTwA   nkB A LTA B   kA J\Tv
? () jAj oTwA AlB BE
jAj FzM A A G BA Fv ɗ  Kl nk~  () jAj nBTwA A  1
JA\TwA L TA ȗ B\TwA  A k  BA JAj KwBA   ()
~A ) LA jAk }h{  nBTwA dTv oE   () jAj M B B Am
. ( vA 
: BLTA ovU ȗ wA gzA
~i Fv E o  Ϫ k ~h B E ühA 郱 B : BMBdA B  )
j  ~i Fv Te    zM d A BA JAjC ȗ   Aj 
(2) . ( ϧl ȗ JkA oU Am   M e M JB]E B  ~i
: hA 
 E BA JAj ^BL  A B M  üi KUo A ^BLl oT  () jAj A
. JA\TwA L TBM \Tv
 ]B A T\ AvM Ϫ k   A () jAj A ^B TdA  -  2
. zBA  AoT ^BeT B\A  k ^BnBU  kA  d o 
o  BA JAj B\TM () jAj miC  BA zM mhT  dA : lA
. AqA nAjG
A Bɗ LA  dA Tɗoɫ  () jAk ɛAA BzA 񪪧A ɫ aE - 3
.  kA KB]  kA
 ɟ A BTwA  BA ɗ ɗnBTA JAjA BAoɫ ȒL ϧl ɫ  
. A  LBM LBA  BhTA
........
njB~A
------------
/ 8 Z ɗ BLTA KeB   A  BA A ovA M Kl  ( 1 )
82 -  81 | 1  Z CoA B MBT ȗ ȯBdLvA o] gzA ^BA BLU   552
. ϧl RBLYA  Ao  jE vi ^AoAl 
. 553 | : 8 Z BLTA  wA gzA  ( 2 )
: ϦA T  Bw
ȧ oA Jn B  JBE Y ^Akv] wo  BA  Bw BT k   BdLw B
. (1)  JBA SA ϯG kM  ke ȒL  ^B ȧ K
........
njB~A
------------
. 35 - 34 : |  ( 1 )
: RBLzA
: ȷ wE RBA m e nBXU
Bw BM dTA TA TA ȷ B - 1
. ~A o  oA K  B - 2
ϦA v K AlB - 3
? kM  ke ȒL  ^B K AlB - 4
: MB]A
 () Bw BM TMA TA TA BM ȗ An BLA qU ȗ UoA kvA  - 1
M F\ BvM  A UBB ^Akk{ ^BLe Ld B ȟl JB{ k Bv B ) ȷ
 v] E   k UBA ȗ oL~ ^TMA   Bv BU A  ^AnBLTiA  o
(1) . wo
wo  BA  UBB  A E B]n  ( vA  )  B A oBA G - 2
 nAkA Am    A vTA  A A oA 轱U jLA e E   Te
.  BU BdLw A  BA d k kA  A k  B]oA
ozTwA B ϧl ]   oɓ BA BdM A   ~   A  Am
BdLw  B  oA K   A ]n  A A JBA  B BL] TA TM
(... ȧ oA Jn B JBA Y )
 nk oU E   M  KmA nk  B~A  ^j u oA K A 
K]TwA  i A  A B    jLA   MMoA dM nBA B]oA
A BA A ϧl ]   ozA  ȗ ^Bi  ~   G   AoA K
. BhA  MB ȗ A M nBzTwA v     oTv AAq 
 dA  A UA BvA j mA ϦA BdLw A  () Bw K - 3
ȗ  BA   RAmBM  ^BM ϦA   Be Am B   eA  LBM ozU
   ^B K     h khA  BLA BMA  dA BeA o
. n\A  BA  A Lw
  jkdA k  BA G jƽ k ~A oɓ BT ɗ vA k] A - 4
AlA bA  b~BM o U BA  jBvA   ϧl o A MMoA BjA
BA   ^BBY Ak]A  A BA   ^E A BA vA M nB L BwnB
. ^BXBY hA
vTA o nBTA BvA  ko  ( kM  ke ȒL  )  ϧl ] 
BA   ke ȒL  So B ϦA Am B  LBM ȦdTA o   ~A LdM
. ~A  B~A  TqM    Bv ȒL
UL C   A uTA BA ) :  ( ow tk ) UoA oz Am A 
ȒL  M jAnE ( kM  ke ȒL  )   ( LM u  o  BM LT
(2) . LA  BA  A kM  jo   A VL BA  o ke
........
njB~A
------------
. 99 |  BLA qU  UoA   ( 1 )
100 | : MBvA nk~A   ( 2 )
: BzA u JA
: BdLw B
Am Ϧ]oM nA JAm  K~M BzA Ȯv ȯA Mn jB lA JA BkL olA  
 JBLA ȧ ol  B en  X  E  BL  . JAo{  jnBM vT
(1) .  JAA A kLA  ^AoMB Bk] BA WdU   M JoB ^BX kM mi
: BdLw B 
 M B Bz  BL\TwB eAoA enA SA  oA Ȯv ȯA Mn jB lA JA  
(2) .  kMB ol  Bk  en  X  A BUC  o
........
njB~A
------------
. 44 - 41 : |  ( 1 )
. 84 - 83 : BLA  ( 2 )
: RBLzA
JAm  K~M )  ( BzA Ȯv )  ( oA Ȯv )  BdLw  A ÅhA qU
. () JA  KmA nk  dA j  B (
: JA\A
 oA M T{  oA av E  kpA  k  BLA nw ȗ jn B aG - 1
T{ mk   eAoA enA SA  oA Ȯv ȯA  ^B BdLw A A TMB
BUC  M ϧmM T   w M ȦTMA mA oA ϧl  A BB{  A BA
A A ϧl     k  en ϧl   X A ^BB  BeBM A
ȦTL BU A A A  AomT Te oMB~A  o  J BdLw   ^BBdTA
BA ]nj po A BdTA u  孼vdA o]A 鼂   o]A Uƽ Y BA
AdTwA BdTA BLA AdU  AoL B  BdT aoA nBYA dU  oL 
. q\A JAXA
( JAmA )  ( K~ ) ǱA A Bo  (|) nw ȗ jnAA RBA BA - 2
. ȯCoA kA cT v
BLA nw ȗ ol B nBL ( BzA Ȯv )  . KTA  ( K~A )  aG
  BzA A A m ɗ JAmA  K~A q Kvɗ ( oA Ȯvɫ ) M
 \A m  ȗ oA BA K\ `mk   BLA nw ȗ B  Sw
:  keE Td A 
oYFTA  LLvA  dM BzA A ^AkTv oA  oA  v Bɫ  A - 1
A wAM KTA L~ BvA A B 幼LA jBA JBLwA A jBTwA F
A Am   BdLw  lBM ϧl  BzA au  dM KTA ) L~  jBA
. ( RBAoA  jBTv mA 
A BzA ww  ( JAmA  K~BM BzA u ) ɫ jAoA  A - 2
 oTA B o\  LT\ A  Xe We  JA o kT{A Bk tBA
 ^BMAm  ^BL~ B oTA Am u  BzA  wwM   TA  tBA
. BzA ww A kTvA oTA  JAmA  K~A  jAoB JA
峧 BdLw  ^BMB B A  K~A  kM JAmA  j  okU   
 BLA A  o Te oL~ Kl M JA TMA A A ) ()jB~A o] BA 
(1) . (  oTA  oL~
 BA SBvU Te Am\A MBA A  JA ~ e jnAA WjBeA BE 
 Lm  BLA A  Kl oɓ  TMA JA A ) : Be ȗ () oBLA BA
: B   ^AoL   ^Ao ^BLl LUo   q   Lm   o ~
k  S]oi   n  SdL   dAn  TU  M TMA B 鼪]  JA A
{ jakU    kB{ keE  yeTwA   Cn keA nmTwA   c   j 
 oA BA  BLA  TL  鼪\M ] q A ~ Am   kv] 
 ol BU Mn k   BM \ oA oB ȗ   o tBA LT]A BA 
 ( XB XA Y BLA ^M tBA A )  : (|) LA  B k   ZoA  kFTA
MMoA  k ç tBA 鼪]    mA A LBM ] q A TMA BA
A  ϧmM AkTv AkB{ T  B  A 汽 A A jAnA B AkB{ AlA
^B AoTd ç   |B~TiA  BdTwA : Mo  ol BU A  JAXA
 B{  B{ T Bz  Ȗz  Bz  v A A  o ^Ao   킧
q   B{  jBw  B{  B{  B{  oL ϧl \   B{ KLw BM
   cA A jBLM 햽  BA ȗ e  B ȗ k ϧl 鼪] ȗ ]
(2) . ( M G  
B BLA e ȗ ĿA k  JoU LA  eA SM  njB~A AoA m 
 T\U  B oA AoBM TL  BLA A  Bi JA LA e ȗ 
. AoA ȗ BA o{A MoU Ak B JA TMA A  XLA k
? BA SBvU Te MBA Am\A A  n B ? dd~TA ) : UoA kvA B
{ p\  Am\A  |oLB zeU  BCn  oU TA nmTvA A BA : B
(3) . (BLA  B
ɗE oLhA Am : () oɛBLA BA  kTA oLhA  kM v\A A Bɛ 
nBLiA T   BLA oU K] B q   BA ȪT BM
(4) . oiE Bd  d oiA
........
njB~A
------------
. 347 | : 12 Z nAA nBdM  ( 1 )
. 400 | / 2 Z B~hA  ( 2 )
. 64 | / BLA qU  ( 3 )
. 349 | / 12 Z nBdLA  ( 4 )
: () JE ~
: BU 
Am Ϧ]oM nA JAm  K~M BzA Ȯv ȯA Mn jB lA JA BkL olA  
JBLA ȧ ol  B en  X  E  BL  . JAo{  jnBM vT
(1) .  JAA A kLA  ^AoMB Bk] BA ....
........
njB~A
------------
. 44 - 41 : |  ( 1 )
: LzA
au ov   ~hA A jBL J  lAdTwA ȗ BzA q\M BjBTA 
. JAm  K~M J BzA
: JA\A
J A ZA Be AlA BzA ]M kƫ LvA  A zA A o  B A
. ~hA A jBL
yA A   BA BLA  dB~A A BA  nk A BzA wM 
. XLhA vBwkM
oT   TM  ]oh  nmTv E T{Be  JE BMoA A tw BzB
. A Ak BMn ^BAm]  ^BoM     ikU E khU TA UAoA
 oYA EwE RTA m B   BzA A tw BkM A AmM tBA T
. JAmA  K~BM B oz B B  () JE ~h{
 ^BMB B A  ( K~A )  kM ( JAmA )  j  okU   
. JE L BdLw
BLA G  oa Te oL~ Kl M JE LUA aA A ) () jB~A o] BA 
(1) . ( oTA  oL~ 
........
njB~A
------------
. 347 | / 12 Z nAA nBdM   ( 1 )
: u o\
G  A RBA ȗ jB  nk  A  ^BLB Kl lA A Al  BdLw B
(1) .  BA  S ȯA ϯBdLw SA A
(2) .  ƪA \ ϧm  A  B\   BL\TwB  
........
njB~A
------------
. 87 : BLA   ( 1 )
. 88 : BLA   ( 2 )
: RBLzA
:  Aq RBA mM ÅhA vU
. JAmA M q   A We  Mo ^BLB Zoi () u A - 1
. nkA M ( nk ) ov (  nk  A  ) M AvU - 2
nk k M oA k () u A  ( BA  S ȯA ) M AvU B - 3
. 
: MB]A
TMU  wF BaE LmU oA  nAo   () u K A - 1
(1) .  M  Zoi  o]B
M u ϧl ) B  A jB  FA Fw Bk () BoA BA ov Am 
(2) . (  ^BLB Kl T
  A M nkA  ( nk ) ȮA 햧B  BXA LzA  JA\A BA  - 2
. (3)  aA BUC B  pn  nk   BdLw B  nkA
. (4)  nk  Bz  poA vL A A  BdLw B
A M     oMB~A  oL~A oT oA    A  E A 
ȗ  nk  A   Be X  oU  MBl B M  BLM A Am oi
M   Bd X   TnB SB aA o nBTA o    ]oi
.ϧl
 \A A TLv c~U  BM ovU   nk  BdLw A  FM ovU BA 
.BLA  BA  ^ tBA
    A   Be X B  BdLw  lA M  TnB A BM 
. TB RdBM A TMA 
 : Bz ȗ ozhqA    SA G A  A RBA ȗ jB    k
k]A  B So enBLA CoA ZAA ȮTMo k : B B  ij A tBL MA
aA L  E : B  A m Eo ? B B ȷ B  : B  M G ^Bi v
(5) . nkA   nkA  Am : B   nk  A
 Ƀ o ȗ zA Ƀ  ǱA B A A : XBXA LzA  JA\A BA 
 nk KoT  ^AoA B K~A A oA ȗ oU   TnB A {  
 KoT B oɓ BLA  KoTA BdA  B   o ^BB~   G
. 훱 o ^BA  B ϧl ]  o
oU   JAmA KɄ  훱 oɓ ɗ  njB~A 햧A  A TdA  
 jB lA RdA KeB~ U   Mn d oLB  BdLw  kƽ   oMB~A
.   
(    )  oM   JAmA q K A ȗ AkA T A oBB
  RdA KeB X U  LA BA B ) A  ^B E ^B ^A B E
BG B Mn B oLB LM TLT LBA  o\A   k] B X Ϯ k]
. ( o JAmA  \TvU    Ȧ  ]nkTv
........
njB~A
------------
. 102 | BLA qU  ( 1 )
.287 | / 14 Z nAA nBdM  ( 2 )
. 7 : A  ( 3 )
. 30 : AowA   ( 4 )
. 336 - 335 | / 2 Z BzA  ( 5 )
: vA  FhA  oA LA ~
: BU 
  ^i ΰmhU AlA  o B oTT ϼA BeE mA  ϯT jB A  
RBA   BdA  Bl ^AlA . ^ Bü{ A oU Rk k BTLY A 
(1) .  ^Ao~ B ϧ k\U  Y
........
njB~A
------------
.75 - 73 : AowA  ( 1 )
: RBLzA
A A q We  (|) oA woA ~ ȗ bkU A m FM ÅhA T
:  Sj
. JmA A  aA  oA  aA  oT A  Jo (|) A - 1
. j A o A Jo ~  TLY BU A A  A  kU BA - 2
. kkzA kA Am ol A [Td  B]  o] Lw  E - 3
: JA\A
.A  BM i  cT w BoB  RBLzA m  MB]A A
 k   ozA A ]o ( ϯT  AjB ) 햧A  ȗ oA A -  1
.RBA Bw
 ϽozA Ȗ  keTA   Tz BM CoA   ϼA BeA mA   jAoA 
. dB~A ovA
.o~A  pA  ( ϯT ) ȗ TA  jAoA 
 ozA j  oLh  ϼA BeA mA  ϯT AjB G    A - 2
A eE B Ao~A  qA  Mo  LA j    A eE B o  pG
.cA o A M  
 Ko  ^ ^Bü{ A oU Rk k BTLY A    BdLw  A - 3
BA   BTLY A     A BE  Aq] oiA  o{ BkeA : T]
 oiA
Aq\A BTA  kU BTA A ȗ (  ) A BM   A oU Rk k 
o Ϧ Ȧ  ) B X  SLXTA j] Aq\A BTA  kT  ozA j]
. j] G  TA B E (
 Ao~A  A  JoA  Aq\A M  A M oA  Aq\A u  - 4
] A u  ^ A  JoA TB  oU Rk k    k B
.TLXU j]
U   ɛAA ϦT MBzA BɛA 鼪\ ^BB ^AoE aL BdLw TLXU A - 5
. A  A Bn RB  p B ozA oDU TA ABM BB~TiA
jAkvA LA  B ϧl    oU Tv B BvA  Tv  A - 6
^ hA  B~BM o  jAkvA Am  ȗ   BM BTA  oTBM AkTMA
. A 
Td (|) woA   BA TB  wo ȴA kkvTBM vTA  A - 7
. A ȷAA  oAA B\U nBTiA  Toe BM
ϧ k\U  Y RBA   BdA  Bl ^AlA  M  LBh ϧl ] 
 ^Ao~ B
  dA kk{ RBMBhM  oA L nBLA UBC  kkA ȗ BdLw A KBi
BkhUA B ϧl o   BhA  Ak\A  aBM ozA E  ozA BLUA 
m RpoA LA ~h{ ȗ nA j] tBwE  (|) LA   nl LA
. BA
: BdU  RBA m ϼA 
 o~   ȧ  A  ϧB A  ξB] mA kM AA SLUA ç   - 1
 ϧB   kM B  mA ȗ RBTM nvA m u ȗ A RB] k   (1)
(2) .  BA  ^AlG ϯA   o~   ȧ  A
ȗ  ( A   ) ( o~   )  kM B] A o  koA nw ȗ ^BE RB] B
BA  j T (|) oA wo ȴA kA FM ÅhA WLzT A m
. ozA Ak woA BLUA
M pA  G ozA A kU  lA     kTwA Am  
. BdU BG    oA dU    Aq\A  ozA
: TBTA TA Be cT Bol BM 
: BU 
Mn  en G ^  B M ϧ k\U  Y ϼA BeA mBM Lm B{ ç  
(3) .  ^AoL ϼ B  A
: BU   .A eA B  KTv  BdLw A M A A  
 T  Ϧ Ld Sɟo{A ç ϦLɛ  mA A  ϼA eE k  
(4) .  owBhA
: BU B 
keE   B UA  B텚 Y BM  Bmi BA M B U   
(5) .  q]Be 
ϧl  ~hA A Km B  kU  ozA A  dU BoB  RBA m
: ]
 ozLA  o F{ F{ qAo l A  woA ozM  ^AnAo kA BdLw A A - E
Am   FM woA KBh A c~ B\A Am Ȗ  eBM o  oT A G
 LBM ozU BkM  B~A  BA  ^j   Am  AmM M
. ~BM eA   A BA T{
A BA nj AjE  BvA WdU  Bw MoU B dU RBA m G - J
 BeA mM ^Bd (|) LA B AlB  M BA BA dU  ^BA XdU
. BM ^Bd  E JBM  o  BM ^BLBh
BdLw  ( nB] B wA  ȮA BG ) o\ nB] RBA U  ϧl  
  (6)  oTA  U  Mn  dA  AodA k\vA G ~BM oF Bk
SM  ~BM kA ȗ ]oA B]n ^Bp A  E tBA U ϧmM ko
 BvA w  M  BU  BdLw d B  AodA k\vA A tkA
(7) .  B AB TA TL   B tBA
B JA o  o k   cvA BM nB~A Aq BdLw nBLA ME B
B     B Y JAoU  i jC X A k v X A  ȴA joA
ϧl k A   JE o  ^BE jC Lw lA  JA o  cvA j  MAoA 
(8) .  oTA  U  Mn  dA  M (|) oA L nBLA KBh
( nB] B wA  ȮA BG ) o\ o\ JBhA Am 
jE v ȗ [Th   KA BM ~TA    LA A JBhA ] A c~ 
.ȴA JBhBM j~A  tBB  {
BA wo  u] Bk (|) oA LA KBh BdLw E : ^BE XA  
M
(9) .  ^BYA ^BAi B  Kd  A aG vA BTh mA  jB\U   
G  JBhB UBe ȗ BhA  ɗAk  (|) LA A zA A o B 
ohA BA  A jB{nA   A MoU  j~A A G (|) LA A ]U
 kkA B  T\A ɗ kA  vA BɛG  AqA ve ɗ ɛ A 
U  A MoU G kU   LA A ]T (10) AowA nw ȗ RBMBhA
.BT]A  joA B
AoTA  A  ~A : BXA A
lFTwA oA kB\ ȗ nBzBM woA Ak ƪA  oA \A L A kM
.  lB kBM BMA ȗ woA BA
mA ϧ LT Te  SlA  Ϯ A B  : BTA A Sq FzA Am ɗ 
(11) .  MlBA U  Ak
 T B ( Ϯ A B )  B   BdLw M bo~U oA A 
mk  (  SlA  )  B  AoT{A k ȗ  lE We LA  AoTA
: B wA ] nBX
? ~A  A \v  : A
? LA lA  AoTA  B - J
: JA\A
: A \A BA
KɄ   ȚdA  n~A BzA B knA  oLi ] \A m A - 1
ɗ Aqq u oɫA Am  oU  okU  Bj  KɄBh oA  A
. RBMBhA
BvA B  BhA E   ~A Aw  tBA 鼪]  nBTwA G   2
k B ApBM  nBLA  A B B\U ^Ao~ ^BLm v o  ]nj TA  M B
. v  A
. nBTwA  nBXA A ^BAj k KmBM nzA Am
 B B  BLw B BA B AlA oXA cTU A m  A : BXA \A BA 
. B jAoA BM   BB T RBA
: BU B
BM dw  zA  RkM    αLU ^AkB ^Aow  BLo ^Bo B  
 Ϯ A B  MlB A  A   vA 񦴽   B]oh BTwA 
 BM ƽ mA ϯlFTv   MlBA U  Ak mA ϧ LT Te  SlA
 mA ϯlFTv BG  TBM  A   vA  ABM AkB\ A oiA A
ZohA AjAnE    jjoT Ln ȗ   M SMBUnA  oiA A  aBM ƽ
(12) .  gA ... k  Ak
BM Kl     Ϯ A B   A k\ RBA m ɗ FTA  
( A BeA  d Bh  E ) ozA
MlBA  jB~A  TwAM oT mA JwA A LA jB{nA  oA BA 
. jB\A ȗ nBzA  AnmTA mA MBdA 
mA ç lA    MlBA o  Ak mA o oiFTBM  lF  
We  JlBA  jB~A e iA k ZohA ȗ nBzA TBTwA k Ap
. B qTA   BoA nmTA
 BA   (|) LA  BBLTA Bo~U   hTBM lA A  kFTA K\ 
L αlBTwA AlB  : BU  ȗ oA CoA B } TA UBe  
. (13)   S{  lF F{
cA  A  B vA  ]oi k  lBhTA ƴ lA A B
w  BA çA T B  ^B~hU T ke  y\A BU  Bd
A jAp B  A]oi   ~ M MBvA RBA kM BU B Am   o~U
(14) .  TA 񯱒L i A탰  ^BLi
 (|) LA JBT    TA  Bɟ ( |) LA ɗ B A Ȯ Am 
 lA k A BM ] M  o~U E  Bh nk ] u BM  BkA
ȗ   E  lA Aw Be   ]oh    Mm o  d w
. vA BA ]oi k ]T M nmT w lA kM A e
 x\A  oi BhA tA   ~A ȗ 킧A  nhA WLU oBdA JB
  ^BMAoA jAq M ]ohM  vA AjAp B BA çA Zoi  
ȗ  v  vA ȗ   mhTA  oTA  TA  BM M Aow  
. dA ϧl
n  n BA ȗ ȷ BA   Kl A ~  k B A ȗ u : lA 
qT  kA BA e o MBdA BdTA o ȗ oA L ȴA ]TA
. ]E  ] MA   JlBA  jB~A M
nBLA UBC  kkA ȗ BdLw nBLA oE oA KM oA  ~A : XBXA A
dBM JBTA ϼA BqA BA  BU   nBTwA  oA KM oA wn
^An B A A A oTwA   B~i Bh U   A AnA BM tBA M dT
(15) .  ^Ben
A  RBƪA  ƪ  Lm oTwA  A A G  A B  BdLw  
(16) .  AX  LT 
? AoA KM oA  ~A T\U  AvA Am nBX mk
ɗ  oɓ dT  Bɫ vA ɫ dTɽ JoA M nBA A : JA\A
oA Am ȗ BvU     B  nk    oiA  KoT B o  KoTA
A  tB JBM  M   KmA nk   oA K  nBTwA  kFT 
. Tv   To 
 ]oB  bM A Am B LU ǰkLA  odTA Be M E nB G
ȯBXA  ]oA    BvA RAnBdA ȗ \AoA woA  JAjBM BA A
A B  oA  MoTA eB  BTi A ϧl B  JAjA  woA vME
 o  oXA  k{E XA  FB  ^Ak] Th odTA u  KoTA
 ^Be BLA g{ A ^BA o
(17) .  Bƫ TM ij   kA  ȧ oA Jn 
(18) .  JBvdA   ƪ  kA  ȧ oA BMn    AoMA T 
FzA   o~A ϼA  BMn ϯAo BA  Bw  : ( | ) A LA  
 RBBA  BA  M AB B E    oiA kM o KA Am keA
B o~ vA o ϧl  A G BA ke BM Bv ke ɗ SB G
.  B kpE  JA
mA BkA ȗ  X  KmBM B ĿA oTA TA jA ȗ UAl A UF 
JmA ȧ oA A  BkA uLdU TA JmA ȧ oA A ) jBp M  
. ( A qU TA
KmA Ao  ~A : MAoA A
: BU  BdLw B
 ϼ T T  oiFU B  Ll  kU B A ϧ o ^BL ^BdT ϧ BdT BA 
(19) .  ^Aqq ^Ao~ A o~  ^BTv ^BAo Ͻk
: LzA
BdLw oLiE   KmA  ^B~  B~A  ^B~ (|) A LA B AlA
. oiFTA  B kTA Aw  Ll Ao 
: JA\A
(|) LA A BLv AkA B TA BLA RBBUA ϦU    jAoA KmA A
k  RBBUA  RBohTA ϦU SBU  aj LA cTA ϧl A  BM ~ 
. RAAoTA  KvA ϦU  (|) oA woA d o   BwBwE  BTd
: nA BLM ϧl cU ϼA 
? A ȗ cTA  jAoA B - 1
cT j~A  M AjjoT  nBLA A ȗ cTA  kkdU ȗ ovA TiA
. LkdA cT E oLi cT A 
oLM   . LkdA 훰  cTA  jAoA A  bM k RBA Bw 
cTA ) M CoA B~ A c~ 婧BA B]nA ȗ wA kA RozTA LkdA c
. ( LA
? KmA  jAoA B - 2
LeB   kpA  A Am k     Kn B o\A M KmA A
Th  B 蚯     ~ mA BA   B ^BB  ^BB  ^BB
ȗ liF BdLw  B~A ~i Sv   oA  RBüLA TiA Kve
BA   oE ~A  BdLw   njBLT A ϧl A  WdM  A 
. ]nBhA AoA  ~hA jBTvU
B  o\A 鼪\A ȗ BM knA  RAo Lw dA omA ȗ A ϦU Rjn k
BdLw
. (20)  JTA MB  KmA oB 
. (21)  ST Kl BM Sw jƪA AlA   ] q B 
: n MA B
KlA k   \A ] RBMl   Jl \A   ~A  o\A  YA  KmA
aȦ    vA  ~A   BL  w B]B ȗ ]  q   .]oA
C  ]oA B    w q mA ]oA T KmBM  . (22)  Kl
(23) . o
oiƫ : oiA   o\A : BkeA : YY A  : Kl  uBA ȗ tnB MA B 
(24) . K~A  dB : WBXA   zA
A ȗ AoA - 3
 oTvA oB oTvA MBM  : uBA ȗ tnB MA B  oTvA  : A ȗ AoA
(25)  . ^BAo  o  ^Ao Ll A o : B  M oA  AoA 
(26) . XM BvA ȗ B 
: JmA o B cTA - 4
nE ȗ dB~A  jBA E AkLA  A cT  (|) L BdLw A U A
ȗ LT B\A cT  BLA n  dA  nBzT ^BLLw  yo  LkdA
.eTA A
 keTA oz  dBM nBdA  TT ^BL ^BdT ϧ BdT BA : BdLw B 
. T\A M d MAoA SB   ^BL ^AoE KUoTA B BLA ej
oiFU B  Ll  kU B A ϧ o ^BL ^BdT ϧ BdT BA  BU  BdLw  BE
BmhUA B  JmA Ao   KUoT B  cTA  M dA o MAoB 
BdLw A z (|) BoTA Jl Y FM   woA ~ ȗ bk ÅhA
. KmA  We G Ao  lA  AoM
: JA\A
B ϧl ȗ ]A ]A   KmA   jAoA BM ȗ ] k ovA ol k
( A en ) UoA ozA nBTiA
. ϼA ϫ Jl ( Ll )  jAoA A ol k
 (|) LA  AA KmA M k~   햪A A B A ȗ ( Ll ) 
Bov AlA A  RBA Bw T  M  lA  oe  KmU  AqTwA  T{  
 kU B A ϧ o ^BL ^BdT ϧ BdTɗ BA  BU B  dA Am  \A
 ȗ     cTA  ^BLUo AoA B] k  ϼ T T  oiFU B  Ll
  ^BdT BU A Bw k  LkdA  c kM Sq k RBA   cT qA
BdU BjnE AlA RBܧ BA A  ϧmM    kA   cT d oA
oiFU B  αd ϫ Kl  kU B A Ϧ] o ^BL ^BdT ϧ BdT BA : UB
A o~A  oLA cTBM ϼ T A T  cTA T A A  c~A Am kM 
.
Bɗ TA o kL B v (|) LA ɗ mA KmA  ( KmA ) Bɟ AlA 
G  KUoTA Am k\  M  cTA Am  AoA KUoT AlB   cTBM ϧl 
y\ jM cTTw  L AFwA mA çA  KmA AoM BLUnA cT B AlA
. ȦB\A B nB  ǱLA
. 158 / 18 AqA ovU ȗ B] 
jAoA    ǱA TA Bh  oA KmA  A ȗ KmBM jAoA u
 A ȗ KmB  nmA BhA  JBA oU   oA BB oBM
ȷ oA   B B üw LU  mA A  UBTwA jnA  jBTv B
G oA KɯmA ȉ ɫ AnjBLTA AnɟmA BA BɫE   zA  oTvA
BBq BF B JBA oU JB LTTvA ǱA oA Bh ȮE A BBlA
. ozTA o KvdM
ϧl TAjA o\A  kU B YA oA  T  kBM ( | ) LA B 
B o\A  oiFU B ozA nBA  pBA   JodA    雰 B 
SB B ϧl  Ao AB B  ozA nBA k üw LU Al ( |)  
   ToɄ  Tw AkA  T p Av AB B   nk  { 
wA BdA   BTBM nk  Az A j kjB  T  RAnBY
LkdA cT E  cTɗ  cTA Am (|) pn BdLw A A oɓ wn BA
  B B  ϧmM oTv nB kiE  TzM Km .  cT G ȴTA
.  C  KmA 
(27) .  T A BiF Kl Ȧ    : Mo w  L  KmA Am 
 : ol kTA  kA    kM " A en " : BLBLA kvA B
(28) . ]A  Bk B miFA Ko ]A Am 
keE   ) B A jB  FA Fw Bk () BoA BA oz BolB A 
A j  kL ABɟ  (|) A wn  ^BLl E  E ɟoz k
    ϧl oL |iA  A kBM B] B  ^B Tw  BYY
 AoLA  AzA A ݪA A  JB\ z Am A ^AkeA ^BA A ]E AB 
(29) .  TiA A Am A oiA A ȗ AmM Bw B jAo z Am A TC
"" ϧ BdT BA ) kd B  B   (|) kd L  ]  q A cT B
A BkM  E ȟoz  ( oiFU B  Ll  kU B A ϧ o BL BdT
M Zoi  M wA  ȟoz   oiFU B  kU B ]  q A keU
Ll nB~  A tBA Bj AlA 峼 keTA nBA  nk   ȚM     
(30) . vdA BMA B nj  : FA B  nM ^An ϧl ȗ k
A  ȧTA  ~A : vBhA A
:  BU B
 BE  omA 햮T om A q  Ͻnk B  A B] A U  uL 
 SF zh   v ξB]  BA  q A ϼ B  k~U  SF TwA
 U
: LzA
Am  ɃAoG  wL  (|) L ^B ^B RBA m ȗ A AqA p
. A BTA  KmA  We G A     A ƪA
: JA\A
LA BM ȮA FM B ^Aw  kA ajA B KmM bo~ B RBA m ȗ u
. ^AkME LTA  ]TA  oXA  B B u M  o A v (|)
.  E BEn RBA m bo{ ȗ ov 
: A AoA
Mn M LT ]B   aA wn UE A T A M aA kL A ovA n
 aA A k i ȮMA A  aBaMA  KA kL M tBLA  Bz M ] BMA 
AkA no  jB \  A Ϫ B Ȯ  ȮoA aA kL B  wA ]o
  텚 A wn ] ȗ AoA Ro Te o  L Tz A nk 
 (|) uL  kLA  vA  BA BLUA BA kjB~A Ʒ  : v ȗ B 
ϧl kM A wn B  RBA Sq   mA A  LA   oA
(31) .  Mn  ȮLUB M ^BLeo  Cn AlA  o
(32) ( Uq ȗ Uo kA  hTwA  ) ]Be  ϧ   
? B RBBTwA  RBvU ] EoA Am  nBX  owBTA  o 
KT BM AoA  o  BA  L̽ FM L ~ BU  BdLw A - 1
 dU   A ozU oiC 郱  oXA ȗ oA CoA  M gnFTA  ovA
 }oe TB  qq vA  wn B] k  ] q B  AoA
.  en n ƪBM
. \w  jB B ϧl A RBA oB M
~ A c~   i  FM oA L   A  Lw BdLw A A - 2
. A ] ȗ KTA  tLBM ϧl kM
nmA  BU ɟ  oA  ɃATA  oA L BdLw nBLA We - 3
(33) .  ƪA  LUA  eB] iA  MoA Uoz
(34) .  ozA  oA  oU BM kB 
E ƪA  ȧTB RBMBhA m LA Bh A RBMBhA m  kM c~ 
.  Y   ? A  AoA
We T A MA  LA Bk LA u ȗ bkA  B A ozU AoA A - 4
 vA  BA BLUA BA : kjB~A Ʒ  ) v ȗ B (|) A  Rol
. (  LA   oB kLA
? n{ ȗ ow B  LA u ȗ bkA B A ǰAoA U  AvA 
? oiC o  ϧl A U A E (|) LA M oLiA 
. ^Ak] \ ȯBXA  ^Ak] kM B
kjB   T BXn RvBM T MA  KA (|) LA wM B A - 5
. wLA A KTA A nB~ A j   yo
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 AE ȗ  q k BU A FhBM LA  e k  KB ME oM B 
(6) . gA BE
........
njB~A
------------
ȗBA A  70 | 14 Z ȧqT [A bo{  551 | k~A ȧBE  ( 1)
7 Z okA  111 | 35 Z nBdLA   139 | AA Ƀn  373 | 1 Z
4 Z bTA ME ovU  115  17 | k M \dA :   390  380 |
. BA B  oA RB]nkA  212 |
ȧBE ]An . 115  94 , 24 | \dA JBT  388 | 7 Z okA  ( 2 )
. 550 | k~A
. 67 | 5 Z kw M oLA RBLA  ( 3 )
BA 80 | nBThA ~A :  390  338 | 7 Z : okA ]An  ( 4 )
. ȯBA Zo MA  k M \dA JBT  103 | kA
BG   ]n Y o~ nBp ȗ B] k  E BB  zLdBM o] B k  ( 5 )
. Ak E Aw v k  ol k ǰAoA 
. 68 | k M \dA JBT  399 | 7 Z okA  ( 6 )
: cBMA g{ BG ow no
SB kA   B kM no SB KB ME BG ow G :  A 鼅Tv 
Bo U  A o{  BkB  BdU  BkU  BT]A ~h{ G ]BdM
oL  ]A k   odA  kA TT A qo  TT . AqA ȗ
. BTB  kd  BToe z
T   wE :  d ) KB ME wE B  lG )) : o oX MA B
 MB AB      B] yo ȟoz k  B B  ( wG  BG
(1) (( G vBM TvA  kE Ak   AoT]   oTd
........J ]Ao A Am ȗ ~U kq   
.  (2) njB~A
........
njB~A
------------
. 41 / 3 BA AkLA  ( 1 )
 8  7 Z ȮA  okA  qhA lBTw yo ƫ KBɄ ME :  ( 2 )
. 259  229 / 3 Uo o] kv A LA ow  cd~A
: (|) oA LA kA  BA
KA kL M A kL A jC k  (|) A wn BMC A  BA SUA
. nBLiA  CoBM ϧl ȗ A\TeA   ke ] q BM ƫ
 k]BvA ȗ LU  U e  Ao mA  : ] q A B
Te RAoA BenE A oBA JA  Ȯ q  : (|) A wn B 
  ^Bƫ RB ( A en ) KB BMA  A  A]A   Am B ȗ Ȯ]oiA
(1) . ƪA ] ȗ ozdU BA  keTA  SB K SM C A
BenE A oBA JA ɫ A q  : Bɛ E oɟA LA  ǰn  kɛ 
(2) . o{  uj   UBA  BMC nB A pBG     RAoBA
(|) LA Ki  : B hnFU ȗ oX MA AkA MA BdA B] TA RBAoA  
A Ȯ] G To tBA oTA B  ... KA kL M A kL M kd BA : B 
 bB   S]oi  B\A k  { ȮL~  ǱMA M  S]oiB Boi ȗ
. ^BME oi  ^Bv oi B ȫA  MA A STA Te jC k  bBw  ZoiA 
(3)
........
njB~A
------------
. 13 - 12 | : k RBA AE  ( 1)
58 | / 1 Z LdA ovA yBM ej Ȯp ow  ( 2)
. 255 | / 2 Z BA  AkLB ( 3)
: XLA L oA LA BG
kAzA M ϼA  . BL m  XLA L woA BA  ^B] vA UA
. hnFTA dA m kU TA hnFTA
dM ϧFwA  B : (|) L B KAoA AodM A : UBL ȗ kw MA n - 1
qA  RBM ȮFvU  (|) A wn B  ϧBwE B ȮUoLiA A qA  RA
B Ȯw : B   ϧBwE B ȮUoLiA A BM : B  BM ^Bü{ SME B A 
(1) ... ϧ AkM
 \ki AFM nB\T BzA A LA Zoi ol k : UBL ȗ kw MA n - 2
eA : ]oA  B  bU ]n  M 雱 Tw BM ^Akd A (ov ) B
B  B oB o ȯA   BM Se B (|) A wn B qA  RBM
(2) . L A  Am ov B  : ov B Y  ϧ A : ]oA
ȗ WdT B M  M ^wT E Y ^Ak]Bw  dA  ^B  woA o  - 3
ozM  AA ϦU M ȗ () oL] BA  nzA M ȗ Aoe nB ȗ w 
. LA Bv  i  BwoBM
........
njB~A
------------
| / 1 Z Bzɷ M ɽLA ovA   154 | / 1 Z oLA RBLA  ( 1 )
.182
. 156 | / 1 Z oLA RBLA  ( 2 )
: XLA L (|) LA BM kLT  B TA ozA ȷB
L  oz ^BMB BE Aw  A e   B Kve  B (|) woA G
 k   XLA kM jB u  WM A A BL m kB  jB A  ^BBh A
. ] ϧl
Ϧ BM ^Akƫ B ^B B k  E  () ƪA oE BA  oYC B - 1
B U  A   LA KUAo  LUo m  JAjA wBd  iA nB 
  Ϧ A ^B B A k  A o k  ) : ( vA ) B  Bwn
(1) . (  nB  BA iE wBd  nBA o M Ϧv
 A wn M kMB A : SB BA ƪA A zB  oMqA M o An B - 2
A KLe Y cL~A  X RB] G Bn o B A ȗ dB~A BoA  eA
A L  jkA RAl ȧBA - kLTA   -  VkdT  Aoe nBM h B  hA
ȗ  dA B] Te BX jqT \ki A ]o Y ϧm jqT   E A q
(2) .EoA : B ϦA B\ Aoe nB
 ( vA  ) o] BME SFw : B eA  cd kvM ȮA n - 3
mA  LA BE  ^L oL] UF mA woA : B . VkdA  LA  woA
JBLwA  A wn En B B d  ( vA  ) AoMA Bn d B ȗ o
(3) . BwoBM A k  oL] BUE Te eA L qA
  Ao B  L B v  d A   : v\A A M kTwA B - 4
BBE k  G  q\   Ao    ^BaL   A A oX nBLiE ȗ jn k
MnA A (|) BL    ^BL kA ȗ () v  A pB]   (|) BL
(4) . ^BL w
Ȯ]   ^BL Ȯ]  JBTA ȯBUC A kL ȯA B  cvA  ^BBe BdLw B
(5) .  ^Be SjB BqA  ~BM ȯBA  S B A ^BnBL
 ^BL dA BUC  M JBTA mi d B  d ^BLBh BdLw B 
: ϧl \T 
tB wnE Y  (6) o m LA dA ( | ) Akd BL A k BU A A
ȗ Bk\U oX ]M A Am v\A kE k  o  MnA M Be B
. (7) nBdLA
E yB An AlG BE  BL  TMBY ȷ  MBvA jA STLY AlB  Be   
E  kjoU j  M q\A K\ mA TA nkA A :   Bol B yB
j   B BU A o{ E  SLY BM BqT  Ake Bƫ B ( | ) LA
Ajkv  Akƫ B A  vA oA  G jƽ BM  () AoMG o{ dA
(8).  Bi  Bi E  hA A B A .
. BA ȗ B nAkA Am 
........
njB~A
------------
187 : BA vU Li   82 | / 2 Z kL kd LA [  ( 1 )
ovA  (| ) A wn A eA EkM JBM 3 | / 1 Z nBhLA cd  ( 2 )
.236 - 234 | / 1 Z LA
. 176 | / 1 Z ȗBA  ( 3 )
. XkdA LA  279 | / 18  Z nBdLA  ( 4 )
. 21 - 20 : o  ( 5 )
. 279  278 / 18 nBdLA  ( 6 )
. 281  277 / 18 nBdLA  ( 7 )
. 197 / 2 A LA ow  cd~A  ( 8 )
: XLA kM (|) Be
 nk~    A e B  G  B  XLA kM (|) A  vA UE
q mA eBM A     oE BTA B K]AA    oA Am  A {
. 
: BdLw B
(1) .   e e A  A A   B  
: B  q B 
. (2)  dA qqA A ϦL  mA A  ϼA e ϧm 

: BU B 
. (3)  L om A BA B  ȧA e B A LUA A 
........
njB~A
------------
. 4 - 3 : \A  ( 1 )
. 3 : nzA   ( 2 )
. 9 : BeA   ( 3 )
: hA
ȗ TA  K{  ooU k  keTA jv B SM ȗ k k (|) LA G
. o{ k dA kA  AhT  B]n BeA
A JoT   oɓ kL    kLM  ^Ake   BM ^Bɫɫ Bɟ (|) LA A
. YDA  BA K\T   RBMoA  RBBBM
L woA BA  kzU oBTA RBAoA  hnFTA SMAXA  A  oBM
   CoA oAA LM ^BXLzT hnFTA dA m ȗ bkA LA Be TXM
. CoA RBA m
A Ak Y ^B B woA A jA We  k ^B k]   BU  - 1
. BU  BdLw
: JA\A
m LLe  BdLw BA TA A BM jk ȗ A m B Rjn TA  nvA A
B kM AkA  BE   F\    F  ^BT nB B kM AD B kTwA A
BE  UBe RBE A j BA m p kkdU BA   UAl Kve B ^AkB B
TB ȗ 雱 KA kL k\M    TA kM dU mA AA kM ol oM BL
. w BY A
 Bɗ  c~A BM A  BhA Ȯ  A AmM BM AqTA 
o  A k{n   TAk    Ϧ   UBe  j]  Ϧ  B 
.BU  {   B BA   BdLw Mn
. (1)  kdA ȮA  A  A A AoA TA tBA BA B  BU B
 B  B]  M 汽 B  Am  BdLw A  B j] A  B
. wAA Ten 籼 
 k Y i { a E mA BMn B  BU  E
kM 񪪧A B   UAmA AkBM jBTB  k  Ȯi mA  BU  E
M  A  BTeA Am   ȧBA keTA B BdLw TAk  j]
.UA RBTeA
: ȯBXA BTeA BA 
A ajn lA  A  o    JB{ ȗ  A  gnFTA  ovA E 
A BA Tz ^B] E  ^Bz RB  A nj BdLw Ten    k]
.F\  AF A jo
o  wE vA ol ȖhA BvA  BA BvA A : WBXA BTeA BE 
B w j~A  Am B    A  oX kT   tBA  A G
ϧl kƽ   wA Bv ol Bi B Bk tBA M o  ol n BdLw A
B dA nw ȗ jn B dT Sq TA bAozA nw ȗ BdLw  BTeA
:
 ol ϧ Bn   o 蚯A mA  np Ϯ B탰  nk ϧ boz A 
. (2)
. tBA M  M q]AdA n  A tBA Ak  nBL BA ȗ ol o
B k] : B F TAk  A tBA Ak  ( AkA )  j~B Am  
. jLA ȗ ol ow   ϼA tBA k ϪwA BTBM ol Bi 
: BdLw   2
 oXTvU U   o\B q]oA  o MBY  oL Mn  nmB  oYkA BE B 
. (3)  oLB Mo
j] A dA nB{A o\M oA   ~A  q]oA  jAoA FM ÅhA WLzT 
BdLw nBLA j B  ~A  YA jBL oA woA ~h{ ȗ LwB nA
. oU  o\M oA A
( nB] B wA  ȮE BG ) JBM  RBMBi  nBL ȷ RBA m A : JA\A
o  A KwBA   RBMBhA AmM oA LLe KBh BdLw nBLA B B
. BM E
B M  ~A jBL o\A  B  ~ AkMB A m Sq  LA   
. BUkL dB  BA  dT v AmC
  kU  BB ȯBA m SB A   YY ȯB  q]oA  A A ol 
. ( | ) oA woA eBw Sv A E
. JAmA  KUoT B o\M oA  k  JAmA q]oBM knA B
m )  Boz B LA A  kU  TA AM Sq CoA RBA A BM 
( dA o RB
Am c~    q]oA Ao\  A    ~A M q]oBM knE  BE 
BA dT v B A m Sq Bk woA   wo { ȗ A
. BYA kL kB\M 
B AlB ( nB] B wA  ȮA BG ) JBM  RBMBi   nBL ȷ RBA m lA
E o  A KwBA   RBMBhA mM oA L KBh BdLw nBLA
. BM JBhBM
: XBXA A
  BA   JBTA B nkU Sɟ B BoA  Ben ϼA BeE ϧmɟ  
. (4)  Tv Ao A kT ϯA   BjBL  Bz  M k An B]
Bƫ   LA A A nB{A nBLA A ȗ BM ( | ) LA ~ ÅhA kTwA
. eA  q A kM Bƫ nB BG   A BdA L
: JA\A
 A A o AkM m Ake  Bƫ B woA A  gnBTA  ovA E UA
. Mn
MBA  kdU ow  UBC  keA DM AUF FM JoA kdU oA CoA G
  oA CoA ȗ pB\A KA] jkU  kBhA ǰBvA JBTA Am pB\A
. kA ȪA TdA ȗ pB\A  eB~A  LA KB] ȗ pB\A
RBLTA m SdU Y  B A oA CoA FLU TA LA BBA ȗ pB\A 
. CoA jke mA SA RAl ȗ
AnBYA  wA A ]A A AF\  CoA AnB\  q\ JoA njA e 
. ( | ) oA woA e RBL{ Bi 
. oiC   BA  AoTA ϗA BM oiE   ozM  BM : AB
 \ FM MAn  A oM  U ȴ BLTTA TA A oBwE BM : XBY 
. oeBw FM vBi 
e CoA FM  RBB{A  KlBA  RBohTA m   ȯCoA joA B\
.  ϼA BeE ϧm  BU  BdLw  kM ϧl ] AoTA ϗA  ǰBw
( | ) LA M B] B nBLiA  RBA 鼪] A G ozU A A : o mA 
  BohU ȷ u   qA boA nBLiA  BA  BvA e  ȷ BA
: BU  Ap A Ap  KBM B]n
 A kk{  e e G  A A   B  
. tkA bn wAM BE BU  JBTA B nkU B ϯA : A 
 j C B k]U  B] B  A U  ( | ) A  k B B
. LA L Ȧ ] j]      j]
: MAoA A
: BU B
 oB Ao U  Mn  en G JBTA ϼA  A A]oU S B 
. (5)
. JBTA A  E B]An   ( | ) woA FM  ~hA nBYA
: JA\A 
jB BvB nBLA  BU  B JBTA A  A B]An   ( | ) LA A
.
eA ȚT jAkTwA LE   mk B Bn  Bi BM nBLA {  BE
. JB~A  RBLA SB B vA m dU  LTA  AjA ȴA
. BXTwA MBvA A ȗ (( G  )) 
S B E  TeoM A Ϫeo A G JBTA ϼA  A ]oU S B : A 
JBTA   A  ( | ) LA ]o  B  eoA  TA ]  G ]oU
keTA   M   o B Am A cAA    TA  eoA ]  
.
We  ol B S ((  )) M SB BXTwA  (( G )) ShvA  
.  JBTA BA  ( | ) LA tFM  kU
. ol B UF   BXTwA  (( G )) A  Ȧ\A oBA A G
: vBhA A
: BdLw B
.U A L  Ao  SXL k M AnjA    U B B{   
BBU    CoA Td  B   woA A A ozU oA A m 
Ȗ A m ȗ u vA M ɗ Aq  B Am  eA L UBC  
. eA L keU  woA B
........
njB~A
------------
. 15 : oB  ( 1 )
. 4  1 bAozA  ( 2 )
.7  1 oYkA   ( 3 )
. 52 nzA  ( 4 )
. 86 }~A  ( 5 )
: RAo{ƪA  AoA
 BêA A jƪA ĿkA  AoA 鼪\U  Uj  LA Bwn Td wAnj
oA Am    dA jB]  AodA k  BTwA  BA  k~A BXE
. BLA  o j tBA M  RAw A{B mA BLA ȗ dT
: nBzLA
:BU  ȗ B (|) kd BL e ȗ jkT RAnBzM Rjn B  BLA RAnBzM
AnTA  k M B Bk~ A A wn ȯA AowA ȮM B o M v B AlG 
(1)  L odw Am AB RBLBM B] B keE wA kM  UF woM AozL 
.
 kFU  j  UnBzM  AA  oiC BL So TA A ȗ oA Am }Th 
. A LA ȗ oA Am X B\  BdA LM 
........
njB~A
------------
.  6 : ~A  ( 1 )
: q\A
  AkFU  {  BBvUA oXE BoYE  E  TA  jB nBhA RAq\A
. oA Am ȗ WdLA Bdw
: q\A oU
. Aj k  j U  A jAnBM LA k  oU jB nBhA oA ȷ
: q\A o{
jB BnBi \U  XM BUA  nkA B XM BUA  oiA q\ A  1
. nAoU  M BUA oXA 鼅Tv mA odvA X
蚮U E jBA ohU BvA Sqp AlA  TA Bp ȗ q\A nk  A  2
. mîe q\ B\ 
. jB BnBi q\A  A  3
: jB nBhA nA
  M A j]  A BT]B BdU BdTwA A o AnA B G
. A dM T  nA m B dd jk A YXA BvA
Blm{  LA njA ȷ  Lo\TA A A  jBA kAA BhU nE B 
.  T o nA m B A A o~LA ]n  ]nE YY  mA B
: A jBA nAi
: v A B n~M jB nBhA nA vU 
nk ȗ jBA o BMBLwA    jB B  BMBLwA U  TA nA : A
RBTA  RBLnkTA M i  LA BA T k  nBTiA SdU  ozLA
. BhA
 mA oiA 鼅Tv   |Bi ȴA lBM A TU  jB nBhA BA : ȯBXA
: BUq B BB Am   BBU BM  
. TA  T MB o BA : BAkeA
oiC B     B A  nE oiE  oYFT hU  BA : oiA 
. BL E Bo E
: RAq\A AE
:   BLA RAq\
B{ UA BeA  w B~  cB B  AoMG nB X : ve RAq\  1
. |oMA  A
.  ve q\ oA CoA A   oA CoB :  RAq\  2
ƽ  A  UjM  w BL ve AowA ȮM RAq\ 鼪] SB BMn 
. tvd  jB  BM A
: q\A }B~i
. L    BA  1
q\M A E nkM u ToL  ɓM M B jBA tBA  2
. ozLA RAnkA AkhTwBM
k  tBA kdT A WdM v  BYA q\A KeB  E kM  3
. TvB
. q\A ϦU XM BUA LA w }h{ E 鼅Tv   4
. LA k  q\A nk~U E kM  5
: q\A L
Sq mA o~A ϧl ȗ kBw  B  UFU   Bo~  jB RAq\A \vU
 A B T w B~ RB] w o~ ȗ AkBw odvA B Bd  LA 
TC SB   KA q\ BM v B]  v o~ ȗ AkBw KA B Be 
. eAo  ȗ LA A BkdT uA oU  oA B{
SM  wA wn BoB TA eoA B ȷ eB~A  LA SB Be 
. TM  A eB~ BkdT T{  TeB~  TLM CoA B] B BL
: mLzA  odvA  q\A
MkA  ATA wnBA A ZBTdU  TA  TA ZBT mLzA  odvA A  1
kL ȃBA B  q\A ȗ SMBY o  Am  MA [BTA A BoTL ~ Te
: nBL\A
. (1) ( q\A ȗ SMBY o Am  U  TU A  dA A )
. q\A j nB MB d  odvA A  2
kdT  oeBvA A Am  pB\A hM kdTBM BoT  mLzA  odvA A  3
. BêA  Y M tBA kdT F BLA BE  vBA KM AkeE
. ozLA nk  ]nBi o mLzA  odvA A  4
RBeoT hU   jBA oi ȗ jkd    U mLzA  odvA A  5
BUA  njB   o{   jke B Sv BLA RAq\ BE  oiA
. S E ȗ  KBA bAoTA KvdM q\M
........
njB~A
------------
. 572 |  vhA A bo{   109 | 3 Z RBA  ( 1 )
: ~A - 1
 ^B] ~   qA  FhA  KmA  T~ BLA RB E  A
 ^Aw E B ^Ak  AoL E Ao KmA B Aw ^B  KmA nk~  FhA
kU   MG  eA ȚU ȗ FhA  nk~  A B  BkM E B XLA L
. MBvA VdLA Ȅ ȗ BM
: ozLA BL BMFU Ba qTA - 2
E kM BYA mL  eoA jBLM ozLA ]U  jBA 雱 ȗ LA  
ϦU   A MAm\A K] B M ȦdTA   tBA oU K] B qTBM ~T
: ȷ RB~A
BBM o  oB  K SM ȗ UFz  LA j A { : kA nB : E
SM k B AlA B hM U  tBA k×A  ^BBi ^AoYFU  \w TA 
çE  oU tBA k×A B RBA E BMA KB] ȗ Aw iA A  `Bi
. A]A m XM k mA
aLA e tBA BT]A  oL WBM hA v  k : hA w  J
Bo  |oLA  Am\B B tBA o TA AoA   zTA  kM v mA
.
ɗ ^B ^AoYFU ovA ve  BA  k~A  hA vd A : hA B  Z
A q Am  tBA jBTMA  ^AoYFU BLA zi  KA  G B tBA Jm]
 eoA  EoA  ATA  BLA   uA B  Tv nA ȗ BLA 
ϧe  A KA  ^B S    BdLw B  oL\TA  kvdA  AqA
.   i  ϯA  ) A aL  ȗ BU B  ( ...
]nkM BLA dT E kM LA  jBA ȗ ^AoL ^Anj  A : A B - j
. nAoA lBhUA ȗ jjoTA k  pBdA EoA  A  BmA  B
: BeA  nBBM A - 3
A nBA cU   BA  tBA Ak wBwA BLA AkA  B B
 BM oiA  BkA BdA ȗ UjBw  B  A BeE G jB{nA 
 nBA ϦTM oA BM ^B~T LA  B dT  ϧl F ozA BeA
: BU  B CoA |~A  M dA m kƽ   BeA
(1)  e e G  A A   B  

: BU  
 aȧG e B G LUE A M   M 햽 B njE B  woA  ^BkM S B  
. (2)
........
njB~A
------------
. 4 - 3 : \A ( 1 )
. 9 : BeA (2 )
: jBA ȗ BA
ohA vA mɷ  ozLA RBT\A nAjA  ɫA jBɛ Xɽ LA Bɫ G
wBvA A  ȦA [A  A ve  oMkTA  nAjA ȗ oX KA KTU
dT  `mîe  A A ϦT ɫ oɓ BLA w ϧl j ɫ  
. BLA XM ȴA oA
: RALA kk\U Aj
: ȷ gnFTA eAo  BLA KBU  RALA kk\U Aj  JBLwA 
 ozLA Be ȗ nB o  Ao UFU MBvA RALA A : A KLvA
LA ϦU kTvU Be   RALA ϦU p ȗ nm\T oA [BU  jkd Ak
dU oiE L AkA ȦhU  woA Bnj jU  BAkE TvU  BAoE
G oU  BvA țn  ^Akk] ^B{ hU  oiA ^AnAjE tnBU  kk] ^BAkA
. BTA  vA ȗ JA TvA
ϧl  wBwE  BLA  A B E  VAoU LA  L  A : ȯBXA KLvA
LA }h{ en  RM  BTAk  ozLA jB ȗ Bnj tnBU  aL UFU Bk
  aLA ϧl i mA oA  eoA BLA ϧl  kU RBAodA  o kTU
gvT  BvA αw ]U ȗ B o YAoU B  hnFU n jo\ LA LU
. LA ϦU jBL  ^B\nkU A
BvA KTA \U k LA u jkd nBLTBM BwoA jkd : WBXA KLvA
i ( | ) LA B kM ^BB BA G U BMn E oTA  odT o
RALA ȗ jk\TA Amɷ  . ɧBwoA jk\TU E ^BAq B Am   A qA RAoTA
. BA  qA  odTA  BvA KTA B Ȯ
: BLA jk
 A jk jkd    L B WM G E  B BLA XLM oA CoA bo
E oz MnE WM A E : (  ) SLA E RBAn ȗ j]A  BLA jk
. ( | ) A kL M kd UBi  ozLA ME (  ) jC E BL
: qA E BLA
 ~B~i jkd A j ( qA E ) M BLA  B]  oaL oA CoA G
kL M kd  v  w  AoMA  b :  ȮqA KUoTA  vi jk
. Tv o{  JBT  keA a  ( | ) A
  woA  qA E oL B oLF  M ( qA A ) M A  k 
G Ϧ  M nB  Bw G AXL  k B o  F  \TvU
. (1)  wBA A
........
njB~A
------------
. 35 : BeA  ( 1 )
: A E k qA 
酚A  o~A  ak cd keA E  ( q ) : vB ȗ tnB MA B - 1
`oE  KA  k B qA : hA B  B E G  ^Bq qE SqE : B 
o~ E   F  q B E q  B : B    E  B SE
.  jjoT   Th M oA
BA  KA k qA  qA : B  KA k  k~BM KAoA oav  2
: BU B oA
 A  T Sq AlB 
 bBA k AqU   
 A Aq A  
 nA q  ϧl A 
 ^Bq  k\U   
BM Rk k ϯA n~U F kU qA  BA  q  M oE B  Bd E
.  AqA B]  ϼ UjAnE Ȃ E BzA 
 oA ȗ ak] E  酛   jAnA oA  q : M jBMC poA oav - 3
   A k B A oE B  Aq mA woA  qA AA   B E G
. oL~A  RBLXA k\A AE : ozhqA
: qA ȧ nmA ]A
. BvA  B] BMo  nA o{ G AXM mA  : A ]A
noBM B Bwn ȷ qA ȧE keE Be Bwn  Tw ]A Am  ^BM 
ȧE  BA n  ϧl i vA B v  w Bwn ȗ o BM 
. Bi B    G BXM k BF qA
qe  q Al B aG ^wn A WL   woA  qA ȧA  jAo : ȯBXA ]A
LU  LU ( woA  )  ȗ (  )  Am      B  En 
 lA  ϦL  qA AA oL B oLG  F  qhA  Tv B B
. (1) (UBLY  oL ] qBM ɖ 
  lA  oL b    BLA M ( qA A )  jAo : WBXA ]A
  cMmA  BdwA   kA cMl  nBA  AoMA    z Te Mo AB
 JE   \vA  K\A  w   o~LA JBl  kA Ak  J
L jAj   kw Mn  aG B nk BG    B lG w   oA
BoU   BoLB oL BA B  L  L 邽  v  w MnE Tp 
    : u ȗ   ^Bq  k\   v jC G Bk k  jC B BU A B 
. (2)      jB lA RdA KeB~ U 
. A FM o    BwA  cMmA A  ^BdMl BdwA ak ]A Am ȗ
AoMA E  vi   kU  o{ Shv FTv ozM UE  : MAoA ]A
. ( | ) kd Y v Y w Y
 kvA   . kA ȗ AkB]  BTA  jB\BM AoE mA  : uBhA ]A
. (3) LA
miA tBA  AL]E  ozTA Ao{ mA  woA  qA AE : tjBvA ]A
( | ) ^Akd  AoMG  ^Aj  ^Be E MnFM BA a~i  o  BA  M
. (4)
: BdLw  ȗ nmA BXA woA  qA AA : MBvA ]A
  e Mn A Bz  RB]nj o   AoMA BBUC BT\e ϦU  
.  (5)  J  BdwA  BL
........
njB~A
------------
. 94| 5Z BLA \ ( 1 )
. 468| 7Z ohA BTeA  194| 5Z BLA \ ( 2 )
. 194| 5Z BLA \ ( 3 )
. MBvA nk~A u ( 4 )
. 84  83 BA ( 5 )
: ( qA AA ) RAq
. \A oL~A - 1
. qTA BTwA - 2
. Tv o{  ^BMBT   A - 3
: keA Bp ȗ L BT]A BG
 Tv o{  JBT  ozLA  zU B BwoM UF VL aL  u
G oiC L WL SA uM     jkd B G BLA M UF BMo
nBT   keA B ȗ   G BL WL E  M  oiC   B
k\ Am   UB  BA vA  M BA T B  jƽ M Bnj
 B   To{  AnBw  woA  qA ȧE AoB  BLA M A
. keA Bp ȗ oXA E L BT]A
: ^BM M ka~ A BLA
BU JoA oAE dU G k BTAk ozLA G A L  YLA BLA A
. eA LM MBvA LA ozL  ^BM M ka~ BvA

: BU A B
B ak~ wn D] Y e  JBT  TUA B LA BX A miE lG  
 Ak{B B BnoE AB oG l  UmiE  UnoE B o~T  M T 
. (1)  kBzA   BA
. BLA 鼪\ Jm  L A We  BLA  L E L Jm Am 

........
njB~A
------------
. 81 : Ao C ( 1 )
: BMn    LA
A jAnA dU Lw ȗ hA BTA BLE AdU  nAjE AajE BLA A
. tBA  ^Ao]E AL E j
. (1)  B ol G  A `o]E   vU B   : BU B
G TBwo ^Ao]E TɫA ɫ K  mA UBhA LA  LA B Zl A 
: BU ɧ ɗ B SLA  jBM B~A
. (2)  MoA ɗ jɪA G ^Ao]E ɼ ɦwA  ɛ 
........
njB~A
------------
. 104 : w ( 1 )
. 23 : nzA ( 2 )
: Be  B BLA
Ak Lw ȗ  ^BB AvU  BjAan A jB AB BLA G  oA 
Ʒ ]  B  dA  BA BXA  oiA G KB AvU F ozLA
no  CoA  oX RBC RkE k  ( vA B ) Bw  jAj BLA
: BU  ȗ B   n~M wn  BA
AoTwF ΰB] vE A lA E   A lFM B aG wn  BwnA B  
(1)  ^Ben ^BMAU A Ak] woA  oTwA  A
. KBA m XM TT woA 鼪] B k 
........
njB~A
------------
. 64 : BvA ( 1 )
: BLA j  \A
Ao E ke    A  nBThA RBhA     \A M aE k
 Bd M M C k  woA  BLA M j   LA oA ȗ
: BU  ȗ B ( | ) oA LA  (  ) w BLUA M  B  BUA
Aa Ȃ B AT~G AB oe B CoA Tv \A  ^Ao ϼG Bo lA  
k k M B ^Bk~ w kM  qA ^BMBT Bw BA B AB nm  G
 Ml   o M AC  A aAj AL]A BB Tv o G  dA G
. (1)  A JAm  o\
: BU B  Bz ^BnG A BLBM Ao \A M A B
M BD k{oA G k ^BL\ BAo Bw BA AB \A  o TwA A G eA  
Bw  B A  ^Ak    LeB mhUA B BMn ak] BU A  ^AkeE BMoM oz  
. (2)  ^B{ A 
........
njB~A
------------
. 31  29 : BeA ( 1 )
. 4 - 1 : \A ( 2 )
: LT  BLBM BA
 BLBM k~TA  BA qTv k\A MBT  oɟA woA LM BA A
noBM Ȯ keE L nBA   ak  k\A MBT ȗ  oLiE mA woA
 AnTA A oɓ  qE B  LTM BA K\ Bɟ . A BaL L ^AnBA
AnTA  jkT ]BE \A nB~  kLTA  oTA  odT BToU k \A
TA KlBA  RBBTA i  ^BdA B odTA AkM Te SBU RjkU
CoA Aj k  vA  jAj  BLA SM  v  wM S~
. kBA RU  LA RAAoTA  BTAq  oA
: b L
E j   UBe U ozM ozLA T\A kqU TB  A e STE
. B o{ ozLA  Sq o{ E U E kM Am  oiC U  ^B }hU
: BdLw B  tBA  Sq o{ E ȷ b o{ E BdLw oLiE k 
w  AoMG M Ba B  ϼA BE mA  ^Be M a B kA   o{ 
.   AoU   kA AE E v 
o{  oiC L BG B B ozL B o{ U   M b o{ S~TiE A
Bo ȗ   A m ȗ om  E G ȴA oA dT Te b  o oiE
 p ȗ  o tBA oBw BA BG  AoTA Am d kƽ B CoA RB 
. (1) e G kM
........
njB~A
------------
. 272  271| 10Z AqA ( 1 )
: w L
AowA ȮM |~i G ^BYL B E  w j e njAA RBA  kTv k
: BdLw  X
. (1)  B TE  kM  \A UmhUE Y RBLBM w B] k 

: BdLw  
. (2)  G A wn ȯE U k  ȮlU   w B AlA  
B ^BL{ F  o G BwnA k  ak   G BwnA FM A  
: BU   ak B k E G BU  ^wo
. (3)  o A  B A AkLA  B ^BL{ BiE k G  
: BdLw   k B A JBdE G ^BYL B SA u ȗ 
.  (4)  TU A K{  B lA woA A JBdE Jam 
. 92 : oLA ( 1 )
. 5 : ~A ( 2 )
. 85 : AoA ( 3 )
. 177 - 176 : AozA ( 4 )
: LA  w 
  LA  AowA ȮM U SB w j FM SLXU CoA ȗ Rol RBC Y
 w KmT odvBM UE Bk qA  ȗ o p w kdU k
We oeBvA c   oeBw k A B A B U ȷ AlB B~ F vA
. UE
. LA  AowA ȮM G Uj kU TA RBA ϦU  
 ϧ Ʈ q]oA B Sz ç k k BM Mn B jA w B AB   1
. (1)  AowA ȮM  wo
ȮM  wnF Mn  T] k dA G A  E  A  e  2
.  (2)  AowG
BA  BUF zh E omT  B ^   Ʉ A o G BLlA   3
  vA  Mn  DM B] k MmU   AowA ȮM B wnB Mn wn
.  (3)  kA LUA
. (4)  AowA ȮM B wnA E BA Jn wn BA  o BUF   4
........
njB~A
------------
. 134 : AoA ( 1 )
. 105 : AoA ( 2 )
. 47 - 43 :  ( 3 )
. 17 - 16 : AozA ( 4 )
: AnTA
 iE BU  B  ^BBeE U vA  w  qA JBTA 
B]A KBU  qA jBU \T  SA ϧl ȗ ozLA oA U SB B
JBTA Am wBwA kA  ȚdA TdA oa oi odU G AnTA SoU
ozM ü  BU A Rna lA od  Lo B AnTA ȗ Rjn  k  tkA
 ^AoXɟ SLv   ^AoXɟ   k A  BBA  nɫA ɫ oXA \ 
  nBdBM BqA  ohA Lv BLA Aq G vU TA RBAoTA  RBBUA
ȗ BTA e w B  ~TBM Rol BA BM  AnTA RBohw  
. ol UA tkA JBTA
: cvA aL
 M Bi Bwn SB vA  v Bwn A CoA RBA M  kL k
: BdLw B  AowA ȮM |~i G ^BYL B
 k M B ^Bak~ A A wn ȯG AowA ȮM B o MA v B lA  
. (1)  AnTA
. (2)  ak~  ϫ AlG ^X o MA Jo B  : BdLw B 
: B 
(3)  AowA ȮL ^X B]   BE kL A  A 
oiA AA j  Bi cvA Bwn A  kU CoA o oiA Be Y
: ȷ 
 AB MoA oq\A ȗ BA 鼪]  Ȫ{BA SLA owA  LA jAk]E A - 1
. oa~U E jaU oavA E  keE    AoMG j
 podT AB  A A JBdE ~ɛ ɗ KA kL FzE B o - 2
(( oMG )) (( y\A kB )) k  ]n B kM A We A ]  nB~A
Ak Bd  L L  : ^B JBLA dM miE LA k  Ao~A  ^BvA
. ϧBd
... L keE   ^Bvi SA )) B A : ( | ) LɮA  nBhLA AnB - 3
. (4) (( B tBA G SXM   G WL LA B  BzA SA 
BU  nBLU A A )) :  vA   jB~A A kL ME  ȮA n - 4
^An  ^Ak\v nA  S]  v  w  AoMA  b Ao{ aAkd E
. (5) (( uA  \A  jwA  MA G B wnA 
........
njB~A
------------
. 6 : ~A ( 1 )
. 57 : oiqA ( 2 )
. 59 : oiqA ( 3 )
. 36 JBLA vA   54 JBLA  ~A  nBhLA cd ( 4 )
. 17| AozA JBM 2Z ȗBA ( 5 )
: tkA JBTA
: k E v G v . dvA eA JBT 
KT  cvA L B G BhnBU țAoA nBwA \  : : TA E kA kA
XU  jkA  nBLeA  ZohA  TA ) ȷ vi kA Am ȗ \A AnTA
nBLiE  αA  ı  RAn  BA  z ) : hnBTA nBwA . ( AoT{A
. ( MBA  oTwE Sj  BM  Bd  Anq  BA
 dA  k{BA kz  ɫB\A  BXɫA  oɫAqA  JE ) : dA nBwA
. ( fAow M z
 ı  {  BAj  Bqe  ΰnBM  BnE YAo  BnE  B{E ) : RALA
. ( e  Bop  B\e  B  Le  d  Bh  B  BkM  tB
 ]BA : wn cvA BU B Sj TA nBwA \  : kk\A kA
. BoA  BwoA  woA BA
BT RTeA  kBA odU  oA AE d ]BA ϦU RnB k 
q]B  A SjA  ohA Jo{ RpB]A  BLA Aq Sv KlBA  RAAoTA 
. (1) A RAAoTA  Bo  ohA  vA  v
Ao SM o oL  T~   BLA Aq  M Ak ke CoA ȚM 
. T~  BLA Aq ȗ S{ TA \A  AnTA hM oT B
........
njB~A
------------
. (( ȯBXA JBLA Be \A )) : CoA B  ^ ( 1 )
: wA
^BB B BA a ݪ n w  UBhA LA M oazM k wA A k kA A
S]oiA kBi B  A A U oA  oTA ȗ [  Bd ^B{
wA  A  ɃoA RBd  Szɗ k  nA G RBA  tBA
gnFTA eAo   ozLA oe  wBT   ^i E oY Ak] B A
ɗ 텧A   ϼzTA ɗ woA  BLA E  AɛE M BLA aq  
. T~  TAq
: BwoA d  kA
 c~U  UBhA LA L SLXU Bv ȷ BLA aL SLXU TA oA  jA A
: oA  jA ϦU   TBwn d  ^j U
jƪA RAo{ƪA  AoA  jBTA  w  BLA ow  oTA : A
. Bê
. UAnBzM  MBvA BLA nBLiA : ȯBXA
. q\A : WBXA
 A E oB  KB]   wA aL k VXA oA m RoU k 
hnFU  T~h{ ȗ bk B Ak\  ^BB MnE i UBe  KT  AA
B ( A ) M Ķ Te BA  k~BM o  BA  nBM BdA  BA
nBLeA  nB~A M C k  TXM  kFU  MBvA BLA RAnBzM Rjn
A Am  nBLiA  oBzLA m X  |AjBTA UBhA LBM B  jA
. JBTA   \e ȴ TBwn d  ^j k
( | ) LA  Rnk TA LA RAq\A  oXA  gnBTA KT ȗ Sa\w k 
CoA ȷ gnFTA   kBhA q\A   A  oUATA ke BM M k 
. oA
: wA BwoA }B~i
 kBA BATdM Td  ȯCoA }A  w wA BwoA S  ^E
qU E odU  oT E j oTA Bnj A  B mA ozTA
B  BATd  oX  SoE  odTBM S TA MBvA BvA KTA hM
: BU A
. (1)  Bd  BaG  omA Bqa d BaG 
 w E kU  ( | ) kd L FM kƽ ^Ben  ^B~ CoA BM G : ^BBY
VkdU nB   BM BUBLYG LUo TA RALA BA oA CoA   BUBLYG Bw
Bkz  BA F BLY G B~A JA  |oMA  A AoMB ȴTU  d ȗ
 ^BLB BvA q\ B AA Bj{ kU B Bow  B oBA aG jB
. KTA  WdLA o  B wBe kFU E  ~dA
oe  BvA e M AoA wBTA  BdA KA]  JBTwA  zA : ^BXBY
. boA ]Be  jBA RBLT M pATA  nA
bB\M AA nE  BB  BvA  ]oTU E wA BwoA SBTwA : ^BMAn
ȗ SBw  gnFTA Sik ȚLTA BB\ ȗ oYƫ  B Be G BdU  oBM
. 
BkA BC G kTA M Kvd A m BM ȗ Bnj   BwoA m A: ^BvBi
.  BA ȗ B  oYƫ  BwoA m T gnFTA RAnBv Roa
BwoBM RB] TA UBhA LA BFM RBwoA 鼪]  BwoA m RqU : ^BwjBw
  RALA ϦU ȗ B   TzA   RALA gnFU  oL B  YnA
d B   qA  nAoTwA  njBA  BA BwoA ȷ SB AmM  TMBY
. nTA  kk\TA A 
........
njB~A
------------
. 9 : o\dA ( 1 )
: wA B
E Bi ÖM oFT  T{  LeoA BC  TB  ȫwA kA q B E
 A  jBdA  ozA  A  B ozLA lB B] M  LM FT
oBA  αA ( | ) oA woA KBi k  BkA BC ȗ kT MoA oq\A
. A wA BT  BdA 
ov  kA Be   ik lA E B  MBd~A ϧl  nE B 
. ( vU wG ) :  ^B  {oM dU TA ovA jzdBM VoT o toA Ϧ
: wA B  CoA |~A
.(1)  ^B] G A wn ȯG tBA BE B   : BU A B - 1
. (2)  ^Aom  ^AozM tB B aG BwnA B   : BU B  - 2
. (3)  ^Ak{ BM   ^wn tB BwnA   : BU B  - 3
. (4)  B en aG BwnA B   : BU B  - 4
(5)  ^Aom B  kL  BoA q mA nBLU :BU B - 5
 a kA  o dA j  kBM wn wnA mA    :BU B  - 6
. (6)  ozA o 
  ^Aoi D Mn  dBM woA B] k tBA BA B  : BU B - 7
(7)
Mn lFM nA G RBA  tBA ZohT ϼA BqE JBT oA  : BU B - 8
(8) 
........
njB~A
------------
. 158 : AoA ( 1 )
. 28 : FLw ( 2 )
. 79 : BvA ( 3 )
. 107 : BLA ( 4 )
. 1 : BoA ( 5 )
. 9 : ~A ( 6 )
. 170 : BvA ( 7 )
. 1 : AoMG ( 8 )
: wA B  Zl
MoA Uoz nAmBM oA LA T  BkA RBE  wA u{ SqM Bk
 wnE  Aow WL A kA AmM BozL  B ozLA KBh miE M Kvd
zLdA Ϧ  LA   tnB ov   oA o~ G ^BBi ^BMBT  `keA 
. A kA Am G k BdA  αA  o 
ϦU   LeoA BA  wA B  ^j KUBA  RAkA m SB k 
: oA LA BwnA TA KUBA
: a~ Am tnB Ϧ ov G JBT - 1
 vA : tnB  ov G A wn kd   eoA eoA A vM ))
kɴA LUA 
A d  ^Be B  nm  B tBA G A wn BA ȯF A BkM αjA ...
. (1) (( t\A YG ϼ SMA F  vU wE oBA 
: oA Ϧ o~ G (( | )) KT - 2
kM BA  kA LUA   w : oA  o G  eoA eoA A vM ))
YG ϼ BF SaU F Uo o]E Uƽ  vU wE  wA BkM αjA ȯF
. (2) (( vA
........
njB~A
------------
. 61| 2Z MA  295| 2Z oLA gnFU  ^ wA B ( 1 )
. 263| 1Z 1 kv  275| 2 Z LdA ovA  ^ wA B ( 2 )
: BwoA B  j oA G kA
A RBMBi SB A jB~A BM B] TA ozA BA  a\A BdA A
hU   Bj o miFU   AA ȮLU w kTvU  SB  BvA o
 jkTA BdA RB\ B  UBozU  wA BeA S\vA B  Bq
pq B A  pA oTM oTU  TA BvA o  ^Ba ^AjBTA RkTA
. ozLA  BjAkTA  BwoA 
: BA  A  Ao~A
  ^AkeE     oU E qU j 鼪\A KBi  B ozLA j wA A
oA A )) :  A ȗ tBA F TBM G o~  u]   M o
. (( BUA A k
SdU AA  BvA iA G Bj  JBvA  BMBM oiBTA  L~A JnBe
: M TA A LdM B~TA  kE  qTA  o̖A  name   keTA A
 AoU   ^B] A LdM A~TA  
 B\A h  KlE A A tBA BA )) : M tBA oA woA KBi 
B  (( BUA kL A jBL oi A A    jC  jC  A A BBMFM BoiBU
Mo   zA BwA X  Am B G jC k  tBA A : ^BE ((|))
. (( TBM aG jwE  MA Ȫ\ 
oUAU Te LA SM E  ]  wnB Kv n wA E  ϧl  jE  
G ( | ) LA  K BME LE  (( SLA E B Bw )) :  ( | ) LA 
. K RAl nB
 A RBX~hA BG B\ ȗ ~dU  kAzM Be ȫwA gnBTA 
. BA  LA
: eA oB
 woA  BLA 鼪] k YBT oB ^Akd LA M A kaE mA eA A
: BU A B B  keA BTB  keA Bnk~
 AoMA G BA   kM  LA  b G BA Bɟ ϼA BA BA 
.  BwA
: ^BeA    eA
. ovA nB{A E  ovA ȖhA A : 
LTA  AkA BL BLE  woM BdLw A BM ~T TA BhA oA : ^BeA
: BdLw B  eBM oA woM B~UG  BU oaL k  . BvA BTA 
. (1)   kM  LA  b G BɮeE B ϼG BeE BG 
: ȴA TA AE keE eA
: eA AA  ST{A oA A m
: BU B
B lBM e ^wn wo E JB\e An  E ^Be G A  E ozL B B 
  JBTA B nkU S B BoE  ^Ben ϼA BeA ϧm  e aȦ A Bz
 Tv Ao G kT ϯA  BjBL  Bz  M k ^An B]   BA
. (2)
: ȷ BTnBLA BTA BTU TA AA 
.  ozLA  A M wA    mA TA - 1
v vA  w B We n o\z JB\e An  mA TA - 2
. eBA ϦU  A 
 d  ^Be A  v BvA G L  ϦA d mA TA - 3
. A
........
njB~A
------------
. 163 : BvA ( 1 )
. 52 - 51 : nzA ( 2)
: oA CoA }B~i
: B oX }B~hM qaU oA CoA  wA ozA A
   UB  BU  BdLw A  A BXA  ko M RB] BA - 1
TBwn ke  ozLA Ak ȗ BLA nj  BvA M  M RBA   Unk
kA  BLA  dA M oTvA Ao~A  BLA  A w    M AqU B 
BBU  kA  BM BvA RBwo oTvA YA BLUnA  A 
. (1) ozA o RApBTA  cB~A JBdA  oTvA
 BT]A RBA  A  BvA  BdA  B  M RB] BA - 2
m  BA  A ϦU SB   BeA  RBozU ȗ BA  A ϦU Rkv]
o B nE  uE  BTBMoM ƽ   o ]  Te BeA  RBozTA
. (2) BT]A RBozU  nBe   BvA gnFU
M Ro B  E  BLA gnFU  oX Co |~ ȗ SYkdU BwoA A - 3
. (3) B ^Bü{ oU A  YA MoA LA üM U  BTM VAkeA  B 
 S] ]nj G BLA KBwA ȗ kk\U  TM  BM n ȗ M CoA A - 4
 A m ȗ B dT ^BwBwA  MoA A gnFU  Teoɫ M ^Bɗ ^Ake
. (4) BLBwA
........
njB~A
------------
66| dAA BTA ( 1)
. 67| dAA BTA  ( 2)
. 69| dAA BTA ( 3)
. 69| dAA BTA ( 4)
: ȯCoA pB\A ]
pB\A oB B }h  ȯCoA pB\A kkdU ȗ ^B] ovA  BA ol
: ȯBMoA eA Am  BzTv E BvA BTwA TA
: ȓLA pB\A - 1
 A Te ozA n  BM AqU TA JjA nBe  oA   JoA A
 w B q]B odT A  k  BM AohTA TA kB~ E LA nAk]
 d  A ))  AB Te MB\G oTvU  BwA  TU ȷ  CoA RBC
(( ..      A  k wA A  m A A     A
B   ovT Te ^w ^BvM ^AoE u AkM  LB\  CoA B] AnjA A
BTA  ȗ FTA  BvA B ȗ oMkTA  oTA G ZBTd M UA S E ȗ
. ǰBvA JBTA ϧl ȗ RBA U  KAoTA nBTiA  BA
RBA KoU  MmA T ȗ BF A   ȯBA AkMG M CoA ] k
oBA B\A Am G  k  AkLA T ȗ JwA   BA B ȗ BBw 
.oiA  A oMp ȗ ^X  k\U   A ȗ ^B
: LA pB\A - 2
a  VAkeA  oLiE  q o~ ȗ gnFTA om  AE  CoA oLiE k
ϧl  vA B o  Bop ~ ȗ BU  ȗ B] B o~ ȗ tBA B
.  ϼA e KA BLA 
: B toA  oA nB~TA Y oA  toA nB~TA  oLiA 
 oA  w M ȗ Lw L kM    nA jA ȗ oA SL A 
 dA qqA   Bz  o~ A o~M ƪA bo më  kM   L
. nkM ȗ vA nB~TA An k toA  oA nB~TA FM ovA UA k 
A A jkdA Bv oTU A   LTvA  oBdA  ȃBBM BeA m
B Am  i B  kE M B  mA {   BM ^~T ^Be  U
. XM Ad A ozLA q\E
: ȪA pB\A - 3
: BdA ϦU   o~ ȗ o  ovT U   BB BU k CoA A
tBA nk   w BA  kFM BBM BvA   : BU  BdLw  Be - 1
zM jkTU BvA A WkdA A zTA Te  A m ȗ A dA `mîe
. AT
 JnBA Jn  nBzA JoM vE   : BU  BdLw  Bk - 2
 MoA Jn  ozA Jn  : BU  
 BBej ϧl kM nA   : BU  
 keA  Jo  keA oz B B dv SB  nA M G ϧmM oz
. LA ȷ ekA  (( BBej )) M nA i  BU oL ϧm 
 BM Ǳv E  njB M  M MBA RB~M  hA Bj CoA ol - 3
ϦU  B\A A ȗ nAjA oiA B B  e A m Rol k (1)
i ȗ Lz LG BkA ȗ u  keAA k MBA RB~M TiA ȷ dA
. ^AkME ^AkeA ^BLE
M BMoA oTA ȗ Bnj  nBA  ɗ bBoA nj G CoA nB{A - 4
: M RBLA bB JLe  ȗ Bnj  JBdvA RBd{
. (2)  pBhM  TE B  BwF ^B BvA  BqB cA bBoA BwnA  
........
njB~A
------------
. 4 : BA ( 1)
. 22 o\dA ( 2)
: ozTA pB\A - 4
: RBvA ϦU   o  ȫwA ozTA BM qaU RBw Y
UA  BA  oBdA RAnBdA 鼪]  B\vA  ȫwA ozTA o  1
.
i ȗ oTU  TA BvA RAoA  {  L CoA RBozTA kTU  2
. BvA oA  oBT BCo BozU k\U  RkLTA RdTA
 jB LB]  Ko j]  BM ȯBvA BA G o ȯCoA ozTA  3
XA G Bj B BvA Ao u  nBɄA ɗ Bv\A mAmA bBMFɗ  en
 țo U jke  ozLA RB]BdA L Bw Bj ϧmM nB~ BA iA
. ȯBvA nTA L ȗ vA
. T\A  joA cB~ B  BvA jBvA  ȯCoA ozTA ȗ BA  4
Ao]A RBBA  Bi kB] KA RAl RBU Sv CoA RBozTA G  5
 KUoT B ȖB  ȦiAj nzM LU G BvA k Bd B [ ȷ M
 Bjke TA oiA RBMA G BA BhA  jo  RBM  RBTv 
.UjBw  T\A Ao ~ ϧmM
ȗ T\A G ZBTd B dU G kU  i e jB l ȯCoA ozTA G  6
. B]A KBU  n~A jAkTA  ozLA ]BTdU B BLTv o~ 
FM n~T  jkTA BUBB\UA  BdA eA  KTvA TA ozTA Am 
G ϧl   BA  üLA  BqA dM jkdA ozLA BA nBTMA  
. oLhA dA  
: kdTA
  q]B odT A JjA jBw  ozA oBL  JoA Bd~ CoA kdU k
: oA EoA ȗ kk RAo kdTA Am B] k
B   XM UF  CoA Am XM AUF E  \A  uA ST]A ç  
(1)  Ao L M
:  oiC 郱 ȗ 
G A j  TTwA  AjA  RBoT X nw ozM AUF  AoTA  E 
. (2) jB T
: B jo Y
. (3)  A M qE BG AB  AL\Tv B 
:  kdTA o{ v  Y
j  Ak{ AjE  X  nvM AUF BkL  Bq B Kn ȗ T G  
.(4)  jB T G A
 tBA Bj TA nBA AUB AU   AU  Bɗ  :  BTA A ɗ 
. (5)  oB RkE nB\dA
 CoA pB\G  BwBwE kTvU SB o񮪧A ]A ȗ BTTA RBkdTA m
. gnBTA ȗ jn BLve oiE RAq\  SB E  oA
........
njB~A
------------
. 88 : AowA  ( 1)
. 13 : j  ( 2 )
. 14 : AowA  ( 3 )
. 23 : oLA   ( 4 )
. 24 : oLA   ( 5 )
: LBM o~d  ȯCoA pB\A
 eB~A jo\M   CoA pB\G G ) : ȓLA jA] kd gzA A B
ȗ ]A UE  BwoA j  \dA  pB\A ȗ ϧl Ȗ G   LA
  dA   A JBL  mA A Bo  SE F  BE  q\A
BA A  SE E   BT]A  MjA BdA bn ȷ TA iA  SE E
oA    LTvA ȗ Ak~ o mA KBM BLG  SE E   jBA Ao{ 
nAE  keTA nw G oA  oBLA BLB\  Bo B  CoA nw o~E G
鼪] ȗ TBTwA  TB]  SE E  ... A o~A ϧl ȗ ȚdA BBo
A ϧl ȗ B BU L E Fi oX E TiA p oTU A j  ϧl
 AoL BTiA  Ak] A o k  B   CoA oMkT E  ..... pB\G
(2) . (1)
:  BTA A ȗ 
(3)  oB RkE nB\dA  nBA Bj  TA nBA AUF U  U F 
........
njB~A
------------
. 84 : BvA   ( 1 )
. 299 | A nBA AkM  (2)
. 24 : oLA  ( 3)
: odTA 
( ]A  e  BTeA  oe  \U E A odU  ) : KAoA
. (1)
. (2) ( LzA Lo ȷ  BB   A oU : EoA ȗ odTA  ) : hA
. (3) ( BFU  Bo Ȯ : 탱  A od ) : ozhqA
. (4) ( BFU  Bo Ȯ : A  A od ) : wA gzA
(( kLTA  oTA : BBY   FTA w : BE ) : odT  woLA gzA
. (5)

 mdA  oiFTA  kTBM BA odTM k~ ..... )) : Bn k{n kd gzA
. (6) (  S탰 B o  BA dM ȯBA odTM   B~A  jBqA
:  odT G : AA i 
. ǱA odTA : A
. ȉA odTA : ȯBXA
 B  ) : (  ) oBLA kd BA  oL B 햧BM 雰 k ǱA odTA 
. (7) ( o   o  jke Aoe  oe ABE E JBTA mL
 BA n] TLYA B oA CoA ȗ 隽  ~A jBqBM ȉA odTA BE
. WdLA Am ȗ XdLw B Am  vA  zA
........
njB~A
------------
. oA LTA Ao  ȯBA KAoA  112 : CoA RAjo  ( 1 )
ɷ 1414  1   ȫwA ozA vwƫ hA  173 : A JBT KUoU  ( 2 )
.
. pdA JjE oz  ozhqA  516 : 1 BzA  ( 3)
. RoM ȪA vwƫ  wA  470 : 3 BLTA ( 4)
. Ak L  wA A LTA  woLA  173 : 1 BLA \  ( 5 )
. SvBM 2   oA nAj Bn k{n kd  283 : 6 nBA  ( 6 )
. ɷ 1401  4   nBTA nAj  ȮA  53 : 8 ȗBA   ( 7)
: odTBM BA njB~
 lB{ RBAn  AkTA BG  Bk  j k u odTBM BA G
. RBoA m  BM om d  B dA  BA zB ȗ Rol B 
B ( w C  A  ) A wn p ȗ EoU JAqeA nw SB ) : zB
(1) ( A  B  A B nk  eB~A BX KT B  C T
Kl k ?  B nk B   CoA  RmiE k keE  ) : o M A kL
. (2) (( oX Co 
oow SdU d ȗ SB k  Aoz oLA Bn  ]oA C Sq k ) : zB
. (3) ( BF ]AkA ij UM BBzU  A wn RB B
(4) BUk] B C Lw B Sv ( | ) LA  JAqeA nw REo : B me
( KB MA M ȦM BTA ƪA A  : Am A Ao B G ) : jv MA .
. (6) ( E oi T )  kM ( E oi T ) : C ol {BA . (5)
. (7) ( T  SUA  KB ME M Ȧ M j  SA A ) : Eo 
. (8) (( j]A d~A o d~  B B G ) : AB 
........
njB~A
------------
 AoMA A ( MA ) dU  ɄvA  63 : 1 CoA  ȗ BUA ( 1 )
. ɷ 1411
. 81 : 3 v nk~A  ( 2 )
. 310 : WkdA Th FU  218 : bBA  269 : 6 keE kv  ( 3 )
. 106:1 nXA nkA 5:2 BUA  567 : 2 BA q  ( 4 )
. Ȗ\A zoA A C LT   ȄvA  180:5 nXA nkA  ( 5 )
. 192:5 v nk~A  ( 6 )
. wA A LTA  Ao 293  195:1 {BA ovU  ( 7 )
. ɷ 1401  8   AoqA nAj  ıhA  222 : CoA ovU ȗ BLA  ( 8 )
: odTA RBL{  MB]A
ovA BA n] k oLT U  ~BM CoA odU RkA TA RBAoA
m M e 幼A kAA  \vU MB]A B AMB]A k vA  zA 
. FTA ovTA  RBAoA
: jBeE nBLiA  1
A wn kM CoA SLXU  jBeE nBLiE odTA nABLiE  oUATBM SLY oA CoA
. w C  A 
ȷ M  텛 AoM d   oUAT Wke B u ) : BLBLA A B
( ]M ȯCoA A Lz  B nvA  RBA  omU ȴ ϧl  蒧A   oT
. (1)
: lB{ RBn  2
odU ȗ Bü{ lBzA RBAoA  Sw ç  ) : ȓLA jA] kd gzA 
. (2) ( Bp RBAoA ϦT U   M B  CoA

: vA  Th  wwk RBAn  3
ȗ  vA k ȗ BA RBAoA tj ȗ AoL Anj wA AkA  jBqA K
AkA  jBqA G odTA RBAn dA  BA Kv  L w  MBT
Bjn oBM nBYA m X nk kLTv d ) : kp ~ nTkA  wA
 o B TU  TA RAnBLA RB] RBAoA m M ȗ  bBd~A KTA ȗ
. (3) ( vA  Bwj BTiA G ê B\ B  zB 
. (4) ( jBqA k A RBAoA m X nE B .... ) : moTA dA 
 (( AlFTvU )) Te Eo E  tBL MA  n   ) : vkA Be ME  
. (5) ( kA ȗ kd wA ȗ B
: TA gv d k  4
 BU A JBT ȗ j] o Be SMBXA U fvB ) : oA gzA 
. (6) ( pA] k dB
鮫 oiC     dTv E : TA fv ȗ B]  ) : ȯBnqA  
. (7) (Bo{ 
 j]A  A u Ap K] gvB B   ) : BLBLA A  
. (8) ( BdU M
. (9) ( vA k CoA ȗ gvA  A Am p\  ) : viovA 
B] B Ae BG  kvA M RBAoA  Ad  ovA BA M  5
. odTA k  kU Bd k  B
: ovTA  dA : E
  ))  BdA  ~e zB  RA~A  BdA C e jn B
 S]njA A ) FM  wA ~A  ~A  ABe  BU M (( o~A
. (10) ( bBA  ovTA Lw
CoA ɗ Sv RAjBp   Ȧ  ɯCoɛ BT{A A ) : ıhA kvA  
E  A G ƽ B   FTA AM AovU SB RAjBqA ϦU E .. j]A
. (11) ( jAo Beo{ A  qTA AM
ȗ  vA   A BwE ol E  RBAoA m e  kM )) :  
BTBh RBAoA m boɄ ɫ kMɗ dA Am T  AlG  LA Am ɫ qTA
. (12) ( vA  JBT
: vA  dA  J
WkdA jBwA ( hzA  gzA ]n ) ]oA C ȗ M  tBdA o] MA 
. (13) ( TMBY w B  B\A  mA CoA e e u )) E G  cd

 ( |) LA Wke  o Am   BjA  jC M B  ) C e M  
. (14) ( CoA ȗ BA Jn  d  woA   E )

: wkA WkdA  dA  Z
E B G  CoA ]   w pBA dA  BoA C ovA M e
(15) ( dA E   X  CoA SUA ( | ) BU  ϧl  k  ) ]AkA
.

: BkA  dA  j
 CoA  nw ( ϮTv BA A ) RA Bj k E K MA  ol B BE  )
BBv   Bd M  CoA  BE   d~ ȗ BLT  ϧl c E  F
. (16) ( oUA  ȗ BM S B ( | ) LA w   BBTeA
U  d~ ȗ TLYA K M MA A ǰoA RA  A) : nB~TA KeB B 
. (17) ( BkA  Jo  M  q Co FM \dA
L  SMBY M kp  ) BA AoA G B]o odTA RBAoA  ol B 鼪] 
. (18) ( { ȗ ] CoA    ( | ) A wn
........
njB~A
------------
. ȪA  ɷ 1393  3   BLBLA  112 : 12 AqA ( 1 )
. ȯAk]A L   ȓLA  18 : CoA ovU ȗ eoA C  ( 2 )
. kp ~  j  283 : 1 EoA ȗ gvA  ( 3 )
. 386 : A njA   117 : odTA Ȗ ȗ dTA  ( 4 )
. 445 : 6 dA odLA  v nk~A  ( 5 )
. ɷ 1403  o~ JBTA nAj  oA ve Ȧ  223 : BA cT  ( 6 )
. MoA KTA BeA nAj ȯBnqA  112 : 2 BoA B ( 7 )
.. BLBLA  250 : 1 AqA  ( 8 )
. 78 : 2 viovA A   281 : 2 kTA  ( 9 )
. ɷ 1408 oA nAj  znqA  215 : 1 CoA  ȗ BoLA  ( 10 )
. 231  223 : CoA ovU ȗ BLA  ( 11 )
. 231  223 : CoA ovU ȗ BLA  ( 12 )
. 78 : CoA  ȗ BTk  ( 13 )
. 85 : v nk~A  ( 14 )
. 85 : v nk~A  ( 15 )
. 75 : v nk~A  ( 16 )
. 271 : 1 : BoA B  ( 17 )
. 202 :1  BUA  ( 18 )
: CoA ]  zA
A   B  Bƫ B\ A wn k  B CoA E ) : UoA kvA
. (1) (
A wn k  B E   T  d AB MBd~A A A ) : ȦBA odA
. (2) ( Bƫ B\ w C  A 
 B  C   A   LA BE B\ CoA B  ) : ȦBA kA o{
 jBp M  oe   UB oBw   nw UBC ȗ vTA  KUoTA  A 
. (3) ( B~ 

 vA  JBT Bh   oE BhA G CoA ] jBwA A ) : ıhA kvA
A ȗ zA ȒL  oM ME  CoA B] E    ..... A   B]A 
CoA ] k BX A {   ... vA M oUATA G AkTv B CoA ]
vA ] E M M  d~ ȗ nvA  RBA ] E M   Bp ȗ
. (4) ( ..... keA BA Ao 
Ajk A A m KhTA C   A  oA woA A ) : oA Uo
BA m A  kU B  .... eA JBTM v CoA kT JBTA 
. (5) ( CoA B d TdA MBLwA ]  A
........
njB~A
------------
. ɷ 1413  2   ȯAo񮦦A  118 : ovTA ik  ( 1 )
. 357 : 2 BA nAA yB  116 : A ~A  ( 2 )
ɷ 1411  1  RoM  ǱoA  231 : CoA odU k  BoLA  ( 3 )
.
257 : CoA ovU ȗ BLA  ( 4 )
. ɷ 1407  2  Ao  oA  14 : oA CoA  oTA  ( 5 )
: CoA ]  vA
 q B  e BMBT mhUA k C  A  A wn Al Am ) : ȯBnqA
w C  A   A wn SM ȗ JTA 郱 Y ... TMBTM oE  CoA
. ( 
BMn M Bi eB~ E d~ ȗ v CoA LT mA MBd~A M G )
(1) ( CoA ȯB   誓 B L FU  B  CoM v B B ALT
.
ȗ Bd  CoA B A oA G woA TA B ) : ȧAqA kd gzA
. (2) ( nvA ȗ BTLX ϧm B  nk~A
. (3) ( A wn k ȗ Bz  L\vU SLY CoA A ) : B{ nL~A kL
. (4) ( nvA  nk~A ȗ CoA ] ) : BLA ve
Bp AB E dTA BLUB oz Bvi eA JBT B ) : ȦeqA L 
. (5) ( MnA BhA o{E  Tw
 A  ) LA k ȗ Bƫ  B\ B oA CoA E kU B i 
   BhA k ȗ CoA ] }U TA RBAoA d Bo   ( C
   vA 鼪\ B]o B]  MBd~A L  ƪA eB~A keE nBTiA G
Ao mA MBd~A M  ϧmM dv BhA    Bü{ md E ke 
odA  SB  wA A 鼪]  A JBT  BdA ȗ UkzM
  kzM AoT dd CoA ȗ ~A RBAn SB   AoTA ȗ BA
 kzM  BL  keA Ao vA ] E A BX  AoTA B
SB MBd~A p ȗ nzAA eB~A A ) : kA   CoA  { 蚯
. (6) (  C  A    o
odT Ƀo g\ oA CoA oE  C  A  LA A   
. kM  ~A jBqBM
........
njB~A
------------
. 271  246 : 1 BoA B  ( 1 )
. ɷ 1377 o~  ȧAqA  CoA ȗ RAo  ( 2 )
.  1966 A nAj  B{ nL~A kL 57 : CoA gnBU  ( 3 )
. RoM BwoA vwƫ  228 : BLA ve Bwn  ( 4 )
. ɷ 1411  1  oA nAj  ȦeqA L  20 : 1 oA ovTA  ( 5 )
. 39 : ȯB\q CoA gnBU  77 : o~ CoA gnBU  ( 6 )
: odTA  CoA B ȗ zA B AnC
  kLTA oTA  ~A jBqBM odTA  CoA B  zA B ]E
BpA ȗ ~BM AB  M kT  kTA   jAoE A B]A Am Bh
zA KT M ȗ jn B  Am BBp ȗ odTBM   M k]    oMBA
ȗ Sn B킧A RBAn ȷ BG  kA  k  odTA B  RBAn 
. vA KT ȗ BX Sn B LT
JBhA ~   ȗ BdA  B odTA k  BpBe B zA 
. nBLiA ÖA ȗ  nA gz
. oA AkM BTA  o\A MAoA oBM AkTMA zA B AnC  BM  A 
A   kd L  A qE mA CoA A BjBTA ) : ( ɷ 381  ) k~A
nw L  ϧl  oXFM u  tBA kE ȗ B   TkA M B   C 
(1) ( JlB  ϧl  oXE M BE BG Kv   nw oz MnE B tBA k
.
  C      }  E BA E  B] B ) : ( ɷ 413 ) kA
B ovU  FU  ƪA oE d~ ȗ BTLX B B me    nw 
 mA BU A  \   A  q BTMBY B ϧl   qU e 
. (2) ( BCo CoA FU v k   q\A CoA
 Bƫ B\ A wn k  B CoA A ) :( ɷ 436  ) UoA kvA
MBd~A  B]  C  A  LA  Te BqA ϧl ȗ   B
M A kL X MBd~A  B] A    T  LA  o B   e
k ϧl   RBTi k LA  CoA ATi Bo   K M MA  jv
 BA  Bi  A  VXL   nTL o BLUo B\ B E  FU jFM
. (3) ( hM kTM  zdA
 jBqA  M   B B~  UjBp ȗ A BE  ) : (   461 ) wA
   i vA KAm  BE oBB  B~A BE   BM  \
 oBA    A Ƀn UoA o~ mA    BLm  cd~BM A
ǻ oX B~M BA BhA ]  oX RBAn Sn E oɓ ... RBAoA
 B K]Tv   jBeA Bo oiC 郱 G 郱   {   CoA
. (4) ( B BzTA oU B AoA B
 \  jBqA BB  B~  CoA jBp ȗ A ) : ( ɷ 548 ) woLA
CoA ȗ A BAzdA  BMBdA  B] n k  B~A BE  BM
 c~XA BB~ AoU
. (5) ( UoA o~ mA   i BMBdA Km
 A T B B~A  jBqA  B~ CoA B ) : ( ɷ 644 ) tB MA
. (6) ( odTA k  BA An A  ... ozA
jq  E    kU   oiFU   kLU  E dA ) : ( ɷ 726  ) ȦdA A
G oTA K] F  ϧl BXE ϧl X kT A  BU BM l }  
. (7) ( oUATBM A vA C  woA q\
B  BU  T\M CoA oUAU noBM  ) : ( ɷ 877  ) ȦBA kA p
 oXA T{A G  RAovTA  nvA BwE ȗ ApB Te  UE e ȗ kkzTA
 d  A  B   } E  kp    BeE B ȗ oTBM e
. (8) ( MwA  TeB~ TBh
u odTBM A  BA zA G Kv B ) :( ɷ 1019  ) oTvTA A n
. (9) ( zA B] ȗ M jAkTA   lo{ B BG  BA n] B B
E cd~A  ) : ( ɷ 1030  ) ȦBA YnBdA vdA M kd kA BM gzA
oɟmA ɫ dA C }M BB~E SBɟ jBp  odTA ɫ dɫ A CoA
o  AA M ȗ ƪAoE wA BwA  tBA M oT{A B   dA
. (10) ( BA k oLT
B L d E A BB M nzA  ) :( ɷ 1071 ) ȯTA BA
. (11) ( oLhA dA e  oT   kLT  qE
 ) : Co Bh BFM odTA RBAn  jo ) : ( ɷ 1091 ) ȯB{BA 輖A
 CoA  { Ȧ jBTA B L  okTA Am  E  B{G  Am  jo
 A qE B i  Ao Bod  E  C  ȗ Td Am  lG
A  M vTBM 汧A  BLUBM oA kB  UkB ȖTT E \e CoA ȗ B L
  ... FU E jBvM dA  jn K\  Jm A JBT Bh odTA oLi
CoA Aq]E     BLA  ovTA L  B RBmdA M G B E kL
. (12) ( FU  ovU ȗ o oe E  A We  kLA  
nBYA  gnATA }dU  nBLiA LTU  A ) :( ɷ 1104 ) ȦBA vdA M kd
d AB MBd~A A A  oUATA RB]nj E M k CoA FM B텛 B ɦ
. (13) ( Bƫ B\  C  A   A wn k B E  T
 ... jBqA k  M BU  : A UA ) : ( ɷ 1227 ) ]oA vd
. (14) ( BA ~A k  B]A  e Te  BMBdE M oA
dM B~A  d CoA A ȗ Kn  ) : ( ɷ 1228 ) BA {B o]
oL   BpA 骼] ȗ BA B]A  BoA co  j B  BkA ϦA
. (15) ( BoBM A  kLA 鮪U ~A nBLiE  jn B  njBBM
(  E  B JBTA ȗ B~A A ) : ( ɷ 1262 ) ȯBLA wBLA AoMA
. (16)
A ) : BTA jBM odTA Ȗ  kTwA ) :( ɷ 1299 ) o A ve
 BLA UF    q\    B]A    Bz BYjBe odTA 
. (17) ( CoA AmM miBM oBM BA nBLiA   XA nBLiE
] vA B M oA CoA oUAU ]E   ) : ( 1352 ) ȓLA jA] kd
 Bü{ oYƽ   keA d  AkTA TAo Un UjB RoTwA  ] kM
. (18) ( ..... Un  UjB
vA kE ȗ j]A JBTA A  ) : ( ɷ 1366 ) BA {B ve kd
qU BeA T  kdTA  pB\ C  A  G qE mA JBTA 
Bo  jnAA nBLiA   jBp  odU    }  E   odA  dA
(19) (    B kU  jBeC nBLiE   lB{  odUE ~ ȗ o E
.
E : BXke   Bk  BA  keE  ) : ( ɷ 1371 ) ȦBA A vd
T M kT   jBqA k  T  M  oXE   kq CoA
A  o\T oT JlB  ϧl i G Kv  ...  } E 
. (20) ( wn
{ w kM BA jBTA  jA   ) : ( ɷ 1377 ) ȦBA kA o{
A oA ȗ kdA kM B nw Ao L]  U : oA CoA 
CoA nw M jBTA  oB j BeA  A mM U  ... BXA
 C  A  woA p Bɴ]BM
. (21) ( A Am  vU B A  A  ȷ B
Am  odTA oTA  kLTA oT  .... ) : ( ɷ 1384 0 oA BɃn kdɫ
 ϧl oɓ  jA    LA  qA CoA u  T BkA M mA
. (22) ( LTz E B E oTh
m  B wA B   B vA w A ) : (ɷ 1370) dA vd
 BkE M B  UBC nw KUoU ȗ CoA E o Am B G BwoA kM
. (23) ( odTA ȗ vA  keE kT
 A  FM AkTA k AB vA A BM  ) : ( ɷ 1399 ) oA Uo
 oe E M ALT A v dv   wk AB k ozLA  u
. (24) (
  A dM d CoA ) : AqA KeB ( ɷ 1403 ) BLBLA A
BdLw A ol  L omA  q KUoTA ȗ E A ȗ oU ~ jBp
M  w C   A   LA  qA CoA   BkFM mB ... ]M
. (25) (
odTBM A B  TA nBLiA  M]A jn ) : ( ɷ 1409 ) ȮhA BA
 MBT  Ao L e JBTA \M vA B  AA A ) : 
BA  AvU BLve  nBLiE  jn B   odTA ɹqA ϦU M  
Ȃ Ko A  \A RAnBA  bU \ E  M kTw c~  
ȗ ~e BG odTA A  ovTA  FU Fv G o B cd~A BA  K\BM
. (26) ( UAnBL   ȗ   ϧl
jn  B K\ odTA RBL{ om A kM ) :( ɷ 1413 ) ıhA wBA ME
ǱA odTA  CoA e jE jn   B K\ odTA  CoA e jE
E     A M    Bi Aoi Wke CoA odU Wke A ) : 
. (27) ( FTA e AoE ȗ FT  
oA A JBTɟ A BLm  cd~Bɗ  kM  ) : ( ɷ 1414 ) ȯBBLA kvA
\A  e qq k   Kn  mA JBTA ϧl  TkA M BkBM mA
ϧl  kA   B~  jBp oU  odU M oBM o~ Bp ȗ KUoA
  BMA  e ȗ  AkA oU  Ao BLUoU BM   vA M oUAU
. (28) ( ~  jBp M
zA B M nzA A ȗ JBU B\  ):( ɷ 1414) ȯAo񮦧A B gzA
(29) ( odTA kM A  M  BvTA M BA
 ȗBT kLTBM A  }A E jBqBM Aw odTA p A ) : o jB kd
. (30) ( BM BBU q\A ȓLA CoA 郱
(odTM A  oA B k dA nBL F  kM) : ǱoA Uo
. (31)
A k vA B  zA B   A : ȷ dA ) : ȦBA Uo o]
. (32) ( BLw B  odTA RBAn  B
........
njB~A
------------
. ɷ 1370 Ao  k~A  63 : jBTA  ( 1 )
.   ǰAkA LT  kA  54 : RBA AE  ( 2 )
. 2  Ao  bB\A LT  oL{ A kL  25 : oA CoA ovU  ( 3 )
. 15 : 1 BLA \  ( 4 )
. 15 :1 BLA \  ( 5 )
. ɷ 1407  ȃoA RAnz   tB MA 193 : jvA kw  ( 6 )
.ɷ 1401 BhA L   ȦdA  121 : BA BvA M]A  ( 7 )
. 45 : 1 TvA Ao~A   16 : odTA Ȗ ȗ dTA  ( 8 )
. 26  25 : 1 eoA C   ( 9 )
. 26  25 : 1 eoA C   ( 10 )
. BBwA    ȯAodLA {B 113 :BoLA  ( 11 )
. ȪA vwƫ  ȯB{BA 輖A  52  51 :1 ȗB~A ovU  ( 12 )
. 166 : A ~A  ( 13 )
. 55 : odTA  CoA B  ( 14 )
. 20 : odTA Ȗ ȗ dTA  ( 15 )
. 21 : v nk~A  ( 16 )
. 21 : v nk~A   ( 17 )
. 29 : eoA C  ( 18 )
. 133 : BE  zA E  ( 19 )
. nBTA nAj : ȦBA A vd  51 : 1 : zA BA   ( 20 )
. ɷ 1386 BA L  ȦBA kA o{  28 : A nB] Bv M]A  ( 21 )
. 85 : BA kB  ( 22 )
. 2  ȫwA A KT : o~A ve kd 168  Co RBwAnj  ( 23 )
. 14 : oA CoA  oTA  ( 24 )
. 106 : 12 : AqA  ( 25 )
. x . ɷ 1363  ȫwA L  ȯBdLvA  165 : 2 A KmU  ( 26 )
. 259 : BLA  ( 27 )
. 64 : odTA  CoA B  ( 28 )
. 190 : ovTA ik  ( 29 )
. 41 : odTA  CoA B  ( 30 )
. ɷ 1411  2  jB{nA  ǱoA Uo  172 : vA B AnC  ( 31 )
 1  ȫwA ozA vwƫ  ȦBA Uo o]  19 : B Be  ( 32 )
. ɷ 1410
: odTA  CoA B ȗ vA B AnE
 oTA  ~A  jBqBM odTA  CoA B  ov  vA B ]E
jBqA  ~BM A B  M kT   jAoE A B]A Am Bh    kLTA
ȗ jn B   odTBM   M k]  Am BBp ȗ BE  qA   B ȗ
 Be E BBBM BE B AMB]E k   kA  kU  BB RBAn  LT
ȧBdA Bo G o\A MAoA oA ȗ vA B AnE om Ȧ B   kk Bd
:
 jBqA  kLTA oTA  CoA e k A G ) : ( ɷ 328 ) nBLA oM ME
. (1) ( B~A
 jBp   S  ɗ ɗBe  BU A    ) : ( ɷ 528 ) ozhqA
jBqA  oT C oɓ E ozLA   B   ... kLU odU  B~
. (2) ( B~A
oE  A qE mA CoA ] A : G Km mA ) : ( ɷ 587 ) oM ME ȃBA
LUoU A ..... TkA M Am  q kM UU n   hv   wn RBLYBM
. (3) ( nvA C  wn  LUn BU A  B  SMBY 
JBT  Fɗ  dA Am  z WT  E A  ) : ( ɷ 606 ) pAoA odA
Am BM  A ɗ E  oXA ɗ BA oTA odTA  d~TA ij k A
. (4) ( .... odTA RB] 鼪]  B~ JBTA
CoA E  vA E  ĿA M   A M i  ) : ( ɷ 671 ) LoA
. (5) ( .... UB  oe B~A  jBqA  EoL
 Bd   pB\A ]  ȯBXA ]A) : ( ɷ 911 ) ȄvA kA ]
( KTA oBw hM BpA BU  oTA  kLTA  Bwod B~A jBqA
. (6)
BTeA  tBA |oeE AB  A An MBd~A A) : ( ɷ 1122 ) ȯBnqA
k B]A   B k oUATA A .... CoA wAoe ȗ hA A AB   Co
oU   B~  jBp o  A JBT d~A Tj M j]A A   kA
. (7) ( kLU  
: BdA )) :  dA C ovTA ȗ : ( ɷ 1137 ) ǱwoLA Țe BwA
  KmTA  Te ɗ jB\A ɗ 텧B M   B   Sɛ  ɗ
. (8) ( Bd  B~A  jBqA  kLTA  odTA  M AqTwA
 jBqA  odTB  bk B   E : Bd  BA) :( ɷ 1270) wA
. (9) (B~A
k  B]A kA dM A U k ...) : ( ɷ 1270 ) Bn k{n kd
(10) ( UBLYA  \e u M zB  ... { 鼃
JBTA Be d ..... CoA Bq d E : d BA ) : ( ɷ 1371 ) ɓAoA
 jBvA  nBA  odTA  kLTA oTA  }A  jBqA   Bq mA
. (11) ( BMA
  BLBM uLT   kLT  oYk  d BM  ) : ( ɷ 1387 ) K kw
. (12) (odTA v
 CoA B  j Am  keA JBTM ƽ vA A o RT{ jd
keA wn  keA BM ƽ keA j BLUA  ) : BMBT B B G  odTA
. (13) ( keA JBT  
kd  A TU  BU Sw E Se mA JBTA  ) : MBw kvA
. (14) ( X JBT oT  mA oA  A  oL]  C   A 
... B~A jBqA  odTA kLTA  : Bd  BA  ) : ȦeqA L  nTkA
. (15) (  dA BM BM BYE G hA oU Ȗ jAoA A
 keE nk  : CoA dM A U  ovA B ) : ȯMB~A Ȧ kd
F KTA  oɓ ɗ o] B oTA kLTA    B~A   ɗ jBqA
. (16) ( BE G  Be
zA AnC \M   odTA  CoA B滦 }U TA vA B M AnC m
odTA kU TA oA B M AnC BE . CoA B  BUA [T vA 
wBv B   RBBUA BoA  jBLU mA SA ȗ oMBA qA  SLl BF
B\ B L   RBpA ϦU STA k   oiA LM BA M B{A ȗ nj
kd gzA eoA  B  odTA k  A k] A AA ȗ
鼪\ k kA RAnoɃ ɫ noɃ A Am cLE A  ) : ɫ jA]
. (17) zA    vA   ~BM B keE  lA  vA
A oMBA qA ȗ odTA k Tv   keA vA M AkTA CoBɗ
B oe wn ȗ  i  keA    oA CoA  Bü{ AmdA RA
B  oe wn  i  C ȗ Th  .... ) : ȪA ȚU kd A 
jM  nE FM d~  ȗ ϧl SE  eT BTM ( Sen)  SLT
. (18) ( {E Ȯw E Ȫ\ Mo M o  vA
CoA WdM ȗ F  oA B M kU TA RBv\A  RAkA 鼪] ȗ 
ɃBA BA ȗ BoU ȗ RkA TA kA B   odTA  TB  T
 wBve Bv RoYA RAoBdA i  ) : oBe zTA ȃB : A SdU
BLB\A k] A \TA SB   B RB{B RBU zA vA B B
. (19) ( odU E  ȯCoA }A w ϧl   BBU B BT BE
........
njB~A
------------
.MoA VAoTA nBeA nAj  LoA  84 : 1 : CoA Be B\A  ( 1 )
. 472 : 2 BzA  ( 2 )
. 63 : 1 BUA  ( 3 )
. 3   pAoA ohA  161 : 19 oLA ovTA  ( 4 )
. 84 : 1 EoA Be B\A  ( 5 )
, 27 : 1 : AoT A oT  ( 6 )
. 281 : 1 : BoA B  ( 7 )
 7  VAoTA BeA nAj  ǱwnLA BwA  443 : 4 BLA bn ovU  ( 8 )
. ɷ 1405
. 16 : 14 ȯBA bn  ( 9 )
. 471 : 4 nBA  ( 10 )
 3  VAoTA BeA nAj  ȓAoA ~ keE  9 : 13 ȓAoA ovU  ( 11 )
. ɷ 1394
. ɷ 1391  7  VAoTA BeA nAj K kw  194 : 5 CoA  ȗ  ( 12 )
. 217 : 2 wA Bwn  ( 13 )
. ɷ 1406 MoA JBTA nAj  MBw kw  169  wA kBA  ( 14 )
. ɷ 1411  1   oA nAj ȦeqA L  14 : 15 : oA ovTA  ( 15 )
. ɷ 1406  KTA B  ȯMB~A Ȧ kd : 169 2 owBTA   ( 16 )
. nBTA nAj : RoM  58 : AqA ȗ zA  ( 17 )
o~  MoA JBTA nAj  ȪA ȚU kd M  14 : BA o~ThA k  ( 18 )
.
. ɷ 1414 188 : MAoA jkA  KoTA Bwn  ( 19 )
: { RAjB{
M odTBM BM  oiA T   odTA  CoA B kƽ zA
k odT B MBvA AE M RB]   odTBM ƽ vB E kƽ
k odTA  CoA B ȗ An  U j ϧl ȗ  vA 
CoA B~M ƽ vA AiE A  zA B M oTv Ȧ B   vA
:
keE  AoiE Bɛ kɛ  CoA odU ɗ RBAn BoA n ) : ȯBdLvA gzA
VkdA E B RBAoA m  oXM ݫ BɛoA BwA JBTɟ FTM o~A
ϧAl Am u  odTA RBAn  jE ( JBhA ~ ) wBM BMBT E nA
Bv  ... WkdA  ovTA KT ȗ YXL ȷ M  odTA RBAn   E
. BUA ȗ ȄvA B
c~    G odTA Lv  dɫ  vA B \ɯ dɗ ϧl ɫ 
. (1) ( kA  AoBM kTwA
CoA qT  vA E mM mA k\A v A K\  BA ) : ȦBA Uo o]
o Te BG AkTA TA ]A ThM WjBeA U ]U ABe  啽odTA 
. ϧl G B   TA gv j ȗ BdA  B  B A
E G odTBM A Lv noL CoA odU G BA ze   JBl F
. (2) (LB vA
CoA  odTA Ȗ  vA E Km  oA E ) : ȯA ȮvdA Ȧ
. (3) ( CoA  ȗ LT  owBU ȗ Aeo ϧmM ozA
: odTA  CoA B  AkA vA B AE  Y
. (4) ( CoA odU kM A  vA E B]A A ) : wB ke kwE
ıhA kvB  vA B  odTBM A zA  dA BA M Ȗ 
CoA odU k  BoLA ȗ ǱoA   AqA ȗ BLBLA A  BLA ȗ
VdM ȗ kd o A MA   odTA  CoA B ȗ o jB kd 
BUA  jA oLE  zA jBzM vA  odTA Ȗ    CoA gnBU
. AE M odTA  CoA B 
........
njB~A
------------
. ɷ 1312  3  tkA L  ȯBdLvA  452 : 4 RBA  ( 1 )
. 35 : B Be  ( 2 )
. 138 : odTA Ȗ ȗ dTA  ( 3 )
.ɷ 1412  1  k  wBA ke kwA 101 : zA e  ( 4 )
:  w RAjB{
  oA CoA  odTA ȖM z  v kz ɫ  vA B
:  d  B RAjB{  BM jn ȦB
 CoA ȗ AoA STiA  ) :( ɷ 230 ) o{A BwA MA Ȧ vdA MA
: BTo  ?  } E  kp 
 A qB] o ϧm jBqA BE    } k CoA E q  A oB
 oX JBl BB   B B {  o k  A p\  ϧm   B k
. M B d BA    oX Kl k
A q BA   kA FM   AqTBM BA    BXA oA 
vA  ~A  L  BU A qE B  E    kp   } B CoA
. (1) (  B B Ap   kL   o  
 oz XA BA zA B n] k k\A CoA ) : kA A en
L o jjo   B~A M  B    kLTA  oTA  d
...... k
oXFM tBA kE ȗ B    TkA M B   L  A qE mA CoA E 
. oz ȯBXA BA n k KUoTA AmM CoA o .... ϧl 
( M B M jAkTA   k jjo  oTA M SB TA A lozA 
. (2)
g{ nkE   BvT  BL AA  ]n ȯB] ) : BvA ȧAqA kd gzA
E ȮM k : B Y : oA KAmA  oBv ȫwE Km zA FM AT opA
SE :  S BYAn ]o Ro Bod ȟ LA G Lm E   oiC BCo 
햽 BX  TAo bo]  k M Bd B oiA LA  z BM E  nm
. (3) ( keA E  jBT A BF toBM BoA  BoBM toA
keA  d~A Am Fɗ oE   B  ) : pAnAj A kL kdɫ nTɟkA
om   BqA  Bo oz YY m  zA o  BM ȫwA BA ȗ AkTA
BA : k~A o] MA JBTM jn B  zA oɗ E  BA zA En B
 C   A   kd L G BU A M eE mA CoA ] ȗ BjBTA
. (4) ( oXE  tBA M AkTA d~A BTj TdU B B 
kT BA E BE  ) : opA B\BM ozA  k ȮkA kd lBTwA
  BLT ȗ BX ǰn B  LT ȗ Sn RBAn ȷ BG   A lB CoA }
 kqA E BA zA ȗ u   BM AM  Bp k oA  dTA E
. (5) ( kT  vA ȗ u E B  ϧl kT
. (6) ( B  zA   oX Bo Aq ȷ  ) : zA ~ nTkA
 Boi  AqA m ni zA B njA k  ) : Ȧ] kd keE nTkA
K ȪA MBM M Ȧ M kd Ʒ    B~E jBp odTA CoA  A
oBA zA A n  wA o] MA  UoA kvA   zA  k~BM
Ajn ȮA  jo  AkeA k\  BB  B~ E jBp CoA  odTA Ȗ AkA
. (7) ( G Kl B oE M XA k o E Bdo
  ȮA  Ajn BB ȗBA RBAn  joA ȗ Ȧ] nTkA FiE k 
 C vU ȗBA RBAo 킧A  ) :  We ȮvdA o {B kvA
. (8) (BXke BY  vi BMnE
njAA v ɗ RBAoA  A Am  BLB] jnA BG ȮA A) : ȦBA  
.. (9) ( nkA  lmzA jn Rjn jBeC nBLiE BoLT E G oz mA oA
 CoA Aoe BE o  oM MA L   BX A zA  M q ) : ȯBnqA
   hvA Am  EoLU vE zA B M A  nw UBC  AoX AwA
. (10) (    G BMv  A 
S]A mA CoA oe  o o oz ȮYA o\A zA A ) : ǰBvLA
j]A v  vA E M j]A d~A A .... wA nk m A 
. (11) ( zA RM k]Bv ȗ
. (12) ( A  JmA RBAn M d~BM A~A mA A) : B{ nL~A kL
   BB BB\UA XU  lB{ o CoA odU o A ) : BA zB nTkA
... UB kA  KmA bn  AodA lm{  M  zA KmA ȗ BLA
pB\T jB odTA jBTA B  zA VAoU ȗ \zU A  TA AA A
. (13) ( AvA  WkdA kA ȗ keAA kA MBA jk
........
njB~A
------------
. ɷ 1400  3   qAo ozA nAj  o{A  47 : wA RB  ( 1 )
. LBTwA  1   kA A en  184 182 : 2 dA nBA  ( 2 )
. 412  11 vA  11 jkA  wA Bwn  ( 3 )
SA  A nAj  pAnj A kL kdɫ  39 : ɽoA CoA G ikɫ  ( 4 )
. ɷ 1391
. 382 : 11 vA  4 jkA  wA Bwn  ( 5 )
. ɷ 1407  6   o~A nAkA  zA ~ 190 : KAm M wA  ( 6 )
. ɷ 1408  2  BoA  Ȧ] kd keA  231 : oA  wAnj  ( 7 )
. 137 : YkdA  WkdA ȗ RBwAnj  ( 8 )
. 29 :  B Be  ( 9 )
. 281  280 : 1 : BoA B  ( 10 )
. 96 : zA e  ( 11 )
. B{ nL~A kL 165 : CoA gnBU  ( 12 )
. 188 : ɷ 1414  MAoA jkA  KoTA Bwn  ( 13 )
CoA o LA RAq\
q]B B F  C  A  kd BL kBhA q\A  oA CoA A n
: B Bv om CoA o oiE
kM A BA  oXA hA TA Te oA woA MBE M BA L  1
k oLA Sz  MBdA BvTwA B LkdA oM B j  αLU q  ]n
Te BdA ȗ BA oX po oLA ȗ po  qBM F JpB M AoLA G w
. oA  JpB M AoLA  i
{ vA  Ȧ woA B  MoA Uoz nmA   BU  q B  2
 ϧl Ȧ 햗  {B ȮM ϼME ȮM  ȧ jA L  vM B]  B{ mh
vA  AMo{ MBA oYE A  oB  AL{ Te AF ]n MnE AB  Bj
B jB  K ME B  wA G k A jAnA B  Be  LA  ATA Te
B X E  vA  Ȧ B  wA G k A L AB kd odw
B  G K ME jB k E jAnA B  B ȯBXA A ȗ 햗 S
vA  B BL  WBXA A ȗ X 햗 SB X A : vA  Ȧ
. TMBT kM hA 
vA   Bj Y o{ B  qLi  khA  BB A kL M oMB]  cMl  3
S SE :  SB ϧmM BoLiE  UEoA G B] Y  B : MBdA BA : B 
 : SB   : S MBdA BE : B B  M   B ? MBdE ȂE
B G Bk B : oMB] B ? k B B  vA   B] B  B BM oE
햗  oz oz MBdA kA vA  B BqLi o{  B nTA ȗ
.  AF
: B jkT A ȗ JBM oA woA oLiA  4
jAj BUA Bw nB  u JE v BLwA  J  BdwA  
w A   ϼ ~~  wn L  ϼ B~~ k wn  AnMp
. (1)  BU
jB B {Ao G F E : d  ȗ  A RA L  q eA A
 oXA ohA : oYA nw G SeA k BvTL wEn o 贮 Te B A
mA YXA ȗ MTA C  qT  XY A  ȚM k TM ȗ BjA  E E
 F\  A A   vE  SB SLen BM nA SB AlG Te  Ai
. (2)  eoA JATA  A A * AMT  JBU Y G G A
o\A  E tnBA joLA ȗ  nBA uAkA A ȗ  LA K  q eA A
ȗ Te JodA uɄ E vA Ek ȗ   ovA BYA E odA B\TwA ȗ 
. A RAvA G ZoA ~A k\vA G AowA
. nBA  wBA  XBA kM UBTw  : vA  Ȧ
vA  vdA TM oLiE   B JBdA T  BLA ÖA ϦTU : nB B 
. 郱A ϧl ȗ T  M TA 郱 
] ME M o\dA B~TA  ov ȗ  BA U B  oiE RAq\  5
nBA JBM  Bw ȗ BdA goU  RLA [v  M A wn ȫo A jnA B
. jkTA  oUATA q]BA  Bo 
........
njB~A
------------
. 154  163 BvA   ( 1 )
. 118 MTA  ( 2 )
: wA ji
BqM jkd    gnFTA  ȗ jAkTA  TnBoTwA ȗ S\U kA Am  G
 n~A o  LBTA B]A KBi  B ozLA j  M nB o E 
. (1)   kA  o  BU B
k oiE o{ E oiC L BwM gv  kA Am A SLXU wA ȮM LA Ti
Aoe   BA  G AkME e kd e )) : A Am kU RBAn Rjn
. (2)  (( BA  G AkME Aoe
........
njB~A
------------
. 33 : MTA  ( 1 )
. 124 | / 18 Z / zA Bw   58 | / 1 Z / ȗBA E   ( 2 )
: BLA UBi
C  A  A kL M kd  wA BwoA KeB wA L A ))
B] ozLA kw A B  A  E  woA kw LA UBi  w
Lz   ȗ B MnB   o ȗ keE Ak   ȗ B pA  
. oA / BA kB (( ...  i  E  i ȗ }h{
: UBhA ȯCoA kA
UBi A wn   B]n  keE BME Akd B B  : BU BdLw A B
. (1)  LA
........
njB~A
------------
. 40 : JAqeA  (1 )
: UBhA  AoA kA
:( vA  ) Ȧ B A ( | ) LA  AoUAT zA  vA E BU B  1
. (1) (( kM L  A G w  nB qM Ȯ SE ))
 veF BTM M ]n X L  BLA X ȦX G )) : B ( | ) LA   2
B ? LA m S탰    L\ M  tBA \ 郱 G ]E
. ( 2) (( LA UBi BE LA BF :
........
njB~A
------------
641 : 5 moTA w  31 / 1870 : 4 v cd  32 : 3 keA kv  ( 1 )
. 83 : kA jB{nA  313 : 1 wA ȧBE  10 / 331 k~A ȧBC  3731 /
/ 2 keE k  226 / 4 nBhLA cd    ȯBdLw  CoA B  ( 2)
. 412  398
: LA Ti ow
 A BwoA 鼦LU joM L   E ȷ TXM  BLA jkU ȗ dA A
w G B JzA A  ȗ nA BdE B ȗ  MBvA pA ȗ   Boz
oUE kk] A 郰 KT B BT]A oAA AoU  BkU  RBA
kBA  oA ikU KLvM RBodTA  RAoTA o F ϧm  MBw A
oiC L L  A BT kU Bdd~U ϧl  kTv A L LB\A 
A TBwn LU keA L B   TA ozA  oA RoU   
髰 k\TvA BdA RBLTA  KAU To{ BeA  G BA   B
 oA m  oU  odTA  BTB BBM  mA BA j]
BA  ke A   A dA  oA i w M oiC L XL v
dU  BTB  njBA   LA Ti mA  RAoTA oA m X
. BAoE
? T o Tv ozLA ov A n LA U ȗ dA B : Aw
A A  F iE  ovA    A k Te ϧl ow A n : JA\A
A ϦU   wA n kM  B BqA   B RALA kk\U 
[A G tBA k odTA o kk] WM G ZBTd tBA G A qE B odU
  |Bi BqM k  o U BMn BLA AkA A A ϦU    vA
oiE Ao kk] L WM G oA TA AkA Ae nAjA BLA Ʒ jA
LU  LU G ZBTdU qA eA BU A B   o~A ϧl RBLT  
  nA ϦU  { CoA  wA ȗ u  ϧm kk] L WM G ZBTd
 Bd  BA  omA Bq BA   } B BU dM odTA  ~ CoA
. (1)
 tBA RB]Be BL kk] o{ n G ZBTd Te wA ȗ }  Am 
: BU  ȗ  }B
. (2)  Bj wA  Sn  T  SUA j  SA A 
 A M Bw BLA B We A  A BLUnA 酛 ȂT LA Ti A : Aw
? ozLA
lG  LA ȗ o~d  wkA BU BU Bdw BM ozLA BLUnA A : JA\A
 BA  G 텚 oɓ BB  񪫰 nv BE  A wAM BLUnA
. qA A JBT Ȧ kv\U  ĿA
AnjB SMBXA wA   dTA oTA Aj ozLA T\A B B : Aw
? BUnB\ RAoTA ϦU LA 
 Bw E RAnBdA BU BhLA] M ȗ BT]A BdA nU A : JA\A
 Be  ɃA BeA oUE oA T  kBvA BA oU qTv
RB~TA Bw ȗ  oU   BUB ȗ BA kwBA cB~A  RBv
gv A oA BeA gvU A ȂT  ϧl F BUAkU jkTA BdA KBwA 
ve kA J]  A od gnBTA Ʉ  ozLA A BkE RBkM
A TvU TA BeA  oX kBM BA  BA AjA q JmA cL k~A
. BBeE BLM
 A  vA ȗ kFTBM dU KT BT]A BA kLU AeA oU A ]E
鼪] ȗ TMBXA BvA A uB KT  E o  AA BeA ȗ kLU
  TMBXA BFM A okU TA A AA ȗ dU KT  B  oA
BA  q\A  oLE A X Be X  wkA kAA BoA KvA oTU
. AA  BeA E BT]A 郱A kLU jo\M kLTU  Bo  BT\ 
: oiE oM ϧl  JB\ A 񪽰
 TMBXA BvA RB~M  B L{A   : RBozTA  B wA ȗ
 AkA  jB  A AE  dB  AkA LU X oT  SMBY BE
. JmA cL k~A vd BBXE
B{A mhTU SA BA A kAA  \  RBozTA  : oiA A 
. Bp  o~  BvA ]BdA LU WdM BA oU KvdM kk]
BpA KBU A {   (( jBM AE ))  wA ȗ B EkL ϧB X
BvA 鼅Tv TA kA wBvA nB\TA BT]A jA ȗ kk] BAE h
kB )) ȷ oiE  kB ϧB nBLTA oM ȦA EkLA miF Bk A
F 籗o  T\A E jo noA KLv B E e  A ȮU TA (( no
kE e BLTM  TA BA A jBLA m BXɫE ɫ oXA wA ɗ
. BT]A BdA ȗ poLU k TA RzA
........
njB~A
------------
. 9 : o\dA  (1 )
. 3 : kBA  (2 )
